ISSUE 46 - MARCH 2020 - COPIES
Many today ridicule prior generations’ concern over Communist
infiltration. But current trends are bringing that concern back into
focus.
Imagine the United States allying with Russia. If you were alive when Nazi Germany was rampaging across Europe during World War ii,
you didn’t have to imagine it. You saw it: The world’s greatest
capitalist nation forged a “strange alliance” with the world’s greatest
Communist state, the Soviet Union.
When this happened, a peculiar phenomenon surged across America: a wave of popular emotional fervor for the Soviets.
Influential men and media fawned over Joseph Stalin. President Franklin Roosevelt released Communist Party-U.S.A. leader Earl Browder from prison to promote “national unity” between American Communists and the general public.
Yet even during this trying and confusing time, one strong voice cried out a warning against not only the imminent fascist threat from Germany, but the less-understood Communist threat from the Soviet Union.
America emerged from World War ii victorious. It enjoyed economic, political and military dominance and assumed leadership of the free world. It was rivaled only by the Soviet Union.
But even at America’s pinnacle, Herbert W. Armstrong boldly warned that the nation would eventually be invaded by a revived Holy Roman Empire led by Germany. And before that, America’s rejection of God would allow communism to weaken the nation so that it could be invaded.
“Communism is a worldwide political movement, organized inside many countries,” Mr. Armstrong wrote in the April-May 1944 Plain Truth. “From official Communist literature anyone can learn, if he wishes to know the truth, that communism is a plan, in action, for the violent overthrow of capitalism and the capitalistic governments. And capitalism means democracy, since it is the democracies who control more than two thirds of the world’s capital.”
During and after the Second World War, Mr. Armstrong boldly proclaimed the biblical truth that Russia would not go to war with America militarily. However, he said, Russia would wage psychological warfare: propaganda, infiltration, subversion and demoralization. The Communist Russians would attack “our minds, our moral and spiritual values, rather than our bodies and our earthly possessions,” he said.
“What we fail to grasp, in the struggle with Russia, is this: We are not fighting a single nation in a military war, but a gigantic worldwide, plain-clothes army, masquerading as a political party, seeking to conquer the world with an entirely new kind of warfare,” Mr. Armstrong wrote in 1956. “It’s a kind of warfare we don’t understand, or know how to cope with. It uses every diabolical means to weaken us from within, sapping our strength, perverting our morals, sabotaging our educational system, wrecking our social structure, destroying our spiritual and religious life, weakening our industrial and economic power, demoralizing our armed forces, and finally, after such infiltration, overthrowing our government by force and violence! All this, cleverly disguised as a harmless political party! Communism is worldwide psychological warfare!”
In the 1940s and 1950s, many Americans found that warning to ring true. But as time went on, many dismissed it as a Communist scare that never quite appeared. By the new millennium, such a notion seemed outdated.
Today, however, many are starting to wonder what has happened to America and the West—and if this invisible Communist threat was real after all.
Mr. Armstrong never wavered. He exposed communism’s cultural incursion and told the world what the real threat to America was. Why was he so sure? Because his message didn’t come from popular opinion, statistical trends or covert intelligence. It came from the Bible.
Mr. Armstrong directed his readers and listeners to Scripture, which says that end-time Israel would become “mixed up” ideologically “with foreigners.” In particular, he pointed to Hosea 7:8-13 (Moffatt translation), which warns that Britain and America would “seek alliances with foreign nations, forsaking God”—foreign alliances that would “eat away” America’s strength “unknown to him” (ibid).
Was Mr. Armstrong right after all? Did this happen? Did communism infiltrate America? Did it cause America’s now-obvious decline from the inside out? Did the Bible prophesy that this would happen?
The First Stage of Subversion
Thirty-six years after Mr. Armstrong first warned American radio audiences about communism in 1934, kgb agent Yuri Bezmenov defected from the Soviet Union and eventually escaped to Canada. He warned America that it was at war with communism.When this happened, a peculiar phenomenon surged across America: a wave of popular emotional fervor for the Soviets.
Influential men and media fawned over Joseph Stalin. President Franklin Roosevelt released Communist Party-U.S.A. leader Earl Browder from prison to promote “national unity” between American Communists and the general public.
Yet even during this trying and confusing time, one strong voice cried out a warning against not only the imminent fascist threat from Germany, but the less-understood Communist threat from the Soviet Union.
America emerged from World War ii victorious. It enjoyed economic, political and military dominance and assumed leadership of the free world. It was rivaled only by the Soviet Union.
But even at America’s pinnacle, Herbert W. Armstrong boldly warned that the nation would eventually be invaded by a revived Holy Roman Empire led by Germany. And before that, America’s rejection of God would allow communism to weaken the nation so that it could be invaded.
“Communism is a worldwide political movement, organized inside many countries,” Mr. Armstrong wrote in the April-May 1944 Plain Truth. “From official Communist literature anyone can learn, if he wishes to know the truth, that communism is a plan, in action, for the violent overthrow of capitalism and the capitalistic governments. And capitalism means democracy, since it is the democracies who control more than two thirds of the world’s capital.”
During and after the Second World War, Mr. Armstrong boldly proclaimed the biblical truth that Russia would not go to war with America militarily. However, he said, Russia would wage psychological warfare: propaganda, infiltration, subversion and demoralization. The Communist Russians would attack “our minds, our moral and spiritual values, rather than our bodies and our earthly possessions,” he said.
“What we fail to grasp, in the struggle with Russia, is this: We are not fighting a single nation in a military war, but a gigantic worldwide, plain-clothes army, masquerading as a political party, seeking to conquer the world with an entirely new kind of warfare,” Mr. Armstrong wrote in 1956. “It’s a kind of warfare we don’t understand, or know how to cope with. It uses every diabolical means to weaken us from within, sapping our strength, perverting our morals, sabotaging our educational system, wrecking our social structure, destroying our spiritual and religious life, weakening our industrial and economic power, demoralizing our armed forces, and finally, after such infiltration, overthrowing our government by force and violence! All this, cleverly disguised as a harmless political party! Communism is worldwide psychological warfare!”
In the 1940s and 1950s, many Americans found that warning to ring true. But as time went on, many dismissed it as a Communist scare that never quite appeared. By the new millennium, such a notion seemed outdated.
Today, however, many are starting to wonder what has happened to America and the West—and if this invisible Communist threat was real after all.
Mr. Armstrong never wavered. He exposed communism’s cultural incursion and told the world what the real threat to America was. Why was he so sure? Because his message didn’t come from popular opinion, statistical trends or covert intelligence. It came from the Bible.
Mr. Armstrong directed his readers and listeners to Scripture, which says that end-time Israel would become “mixed up” ideologically “with foreigners.” In particular, he pointed to Hosea 7:8-13 (Moffatt translation), which warns that Britain and America would “seek alliances with foreign nations, forsaking God”—foreign alliances that would “eat away” America’s strength “unknown to him” (ibid).
Was Mr. Armstrong right after all? Did this happen? Did communism infiltrate America? Did it cause America’s now-obvious decline from the inside out? Did the Bible prophesy that this would happen?
The First Stage of Subversion
Bezmenov said that subverting foreign nations was so important to the kgb that most of its resources were allocated to it. “Only about 15 percent of time, money and manpower is spent on espionage as such,” he explained in an interview with G. Edward Griffin in 1985. “The other 85 percent is a slow process which we call either ideological subversion or ‘active measures.’”
Ideological subversion, Bezmenov said, is a long-term process involving four stages: 1) demoralization, 2) destabilization, 3) crisis and 4) normalization.
The first state, demoralization, is now an eerily familiar concept among Americans. Many who recognize it think it occurred accidentally, naturally or even fortunately. But former kgb agents, said Bezmenov, recognize it as an intentional ideological attack aimed to “change the perception of reality of every American to such an extent that despite the abundance of information, no one is able to come to sensible conclusions in the interest of defending themselves, their families, their community and their country.”
“It takes about 15 to 20 years to demoralize a nation,” Bezmenov wrote in his book, Love Letter to America. “Why that many (or few)? Simple: this is the minimum number of years needed to ‘educate’ one generation of students in a target country (America, for example) and expose them to the ideology of the subverter.”
Such Soviet reeducation methods took deep root in America during the 1960s and ’70s. Bezmenov warned that kgb agents and their socialistic “fellow travelers” would use abstract art, perverted music, pornographic images, homosexual rights, racist politics, pacifist foreign policy and socialist economics to demoralize America.
Whether you believe Bezmenov or not, you have to ask yourself: Does any of this sound familiar?
Corruption of Modern Education
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Soviet archives revealed the Communist Party-u.s.a. (an organization that is still alive and well today) received $2 to $3 million a year from the Kremlin to further its subversion activities.
Most of the efforts of the Kremlin, the Communist Party-U.S.A. and their “fellow travelers” went not toward traditional espionage, but toward infiltrating American education. According to Bezmenov, the Soviets’ main methods of demoralization were: exchanging students with Moscow; flooding college campuses with Marxist literature; participating in international seminars; infiltrating universities with radical leftists (often unknowingly under the guidance of kgb subverters); establishing Communist-staffed news media; and organizing “study groups” to disseminate Communist propaganda.
“Before World War ii the Communist Party in the United States was making great headway,” Mr. Armstrong wrote in the April 1980 Plain Truth. “They began infiltrating the colleges and universities. If they could not ‘convert’ professors, they worked on students who would become teachers later. Thus they were recruiting teachers to teach their doctrine all over the United States.”
According to a former staff director of a Senate investigations subcommittee, in the years between 1935 and 1953, the Communist Party “enlisted the support of at least 3,500 professors—many of them as dues-paying members, many others as fellow travelers, some as out-and-out espionage agents, some as adherents of the party line in varying degrees, and some as the unwitting dupes of subversion” (J. B. Matthews, “Communism and the Colleges,” American Mercury, May 1953).
The ultimate goal of communism is a “utopian” society where every individual is completely reliant on society (as the Communist Party). This is why Marxist-Leninist education emphasizes “mass character” and “collectivism” over “individual abilities.” For a collectivist society to truly succeed, it needs more than just a generation of people who don’t want to support themselves: It needs a generation of people who cannot support themselves!
This is the direction America is going. In the words of Bezmenov, “The American romance with state-run education as encouraged by kgb subverters has already produced generations of graduates who cannot spell, cannot find Nicaragua on a world map, cannot think creatively and independently. I wonder if Albert Einstein would have arrived at his theory of relativity if he had been educated in one of today’s American public schools. Most likely he would have ‘discovered’ marijuana and variant methods of sexual intercourse instead.”
Wrecking the Economy
As Mr. Armstrong wrote, it is important to understand what communism is. It sees itself not as a mere alternative or competitor to capitalism, but as a global movement in harmony with the fact that human history revolves around the production of material. It renders culture, art, ethics, philosophy, religion, family and even the individual as secondary, superfluous or dangerous. After workers around the globe violently overthrow those who possess capital, the ideology purports, humanity will ultimately achieve this inevitable “utopian” future. The property—and everything else—pertaining to an individual will be abolished, and each person will simply become a cog in the giant, glorious machinery of the global utopian state.“Communism, of course, is many things,” Mr. Armstrong wrote in the February 1962 Plain Truth. “It is a doctrine. … It is a revolutionary program. It is relentless class war. It is a radical philosophy of history. It is a radical philosophy of society. It is a social system. It is an economic system. It is a political strategy. It is a world conspiracy.”
Go to Page # 7
The End of Cuba’s Entrepreneurship Boom
It isn’t just Trump who has put the country’s small businesses under pressure. Díaz-Canel is after them, too.
Between 2014 and 2017, just as then-U.S. President Barack Obama was working to thaw over 50 years of frozen relations between Cuba and the United States, the Havana lawyer Alfonso Larrea Barroso and his two business partners were busy making a fortune. In a span of three years, the annual revenue from Scenius, their financial services cooperative, multiplied by a factor of 10,000, skyrocketing from $280 to $2.8 million in total revenues. Cuban ministries and state-owned firms hired it to balance top-secret budget ledgers, U.S. Congress members and State Department officials courted them in Washington.
The good times didn’t last. In June 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump curtailed Cuba-bound travel and banned U.S. commerce with enterprises owned by the Cuban military. Later that summer, Cuban authorities abruptly shut down the thriving cooperative.
The closure was prompted by the government’s accusation that Scenius had provided unauthorized financial services. Larrea believes the charges are baseless. In the fall of 2017, the association sued the Ministry of Finance, the regulatory body that ordered the shutdown, and drew up an appeal that was eventually rejected. “When we asked to see the ruling in writing, they denied our request. They barely answered us. It became clear that it was fundamentally a political issue,” Larrea said.
The closure of Scenius was part of a more adversarial approach to nonstate enterprise that the Cuban Communist Party has adopted the last two years, after almost a decade of private-sector development. The same month Larrea and his partners lost the cooperative, the government of Raúl Castro, Cuba’s then-president, froze the issuing of new licenses for the nation’s small business owners. The move put the brakes on 2011 policy guidelines that had sparked a sizable yet regulated private-sector boom, generating an estimated 18 percent of Cuba’s gross national income.
Entrepreneurs are facing a two-front attack from a U.S. executive branch resistant to commercial and travel ties to the island, and from Cuban officials.
Castro left office in April 2018, but Cuba’s new president, Miguel Díaz-Canel, seems just as determined to decelerate the island’s economic opening. As U.S. tourism and trade recede, the Communist Party has in turn abandoned diplomatic goodwill and escalated its own private-sector crackdown, leaving small-business owners scrambling. Entrepreneurs are facing a two-front attack from a U.S. executive branch resistant to commercial and travel ties to the island, and from Cuban officials who have come to perceive the country’s small businesses less as partners in Cuba’s opening than as competition to state-owned firms.
Before the permit freeze, between early 2013 and 2017, Cuba had approved 439 nonagricultural cooperatives, authorizing these privately managed associations to provide construction, retail, transportation, and other key economic services for the first time in 50 years. Meanwhile, the number of Cuban entrepreneurs exploded by more than 37 percent, and nonstate businesses came to account for almost a third of national employment, according to government figures. The true increase was even more substantial, as thousands of Cubans not counted in official estimates also flocked to the private sector without licenses. U.S. tourism to Cuba soared from 92,000 to 618,000 annual visitors during the three-year detente, and by 2016, private businesses were raking in about one-third of the island’s annual tourism revenues, according to the Brookings Institution.
As U.S.-Cuban relations soured, so too did the Cuban government’s attitude toward the fledgling nonstate businesses. “We will take concrete steps to ensure that investments flow directly to the people, so they can open private businesses and begin to build their country’s great, great future,” Trump said in Miami during his June 2017 Cuba policy announcement. But tightening the U.S. embargo and travel controls has had the opposite effect. Though private guesthouses, boutique hotels, restaurants, and bars had multiplied to absorb the unexpected tourism deluge, once U.S. travel restrictions were back on the books, the inflow of visitors seemed likely to decline. The Cuban government backpedaled, stalling the country’s economic liberalization.
Ultimately, Larrea’s cooperative got caught in the policy turnaround. He believes the Cuban government viewed his organization’s success as a “strong threat” to the state-run economy. “Economically, we were demonstrating that there was another way of doing things … that the private sector is more efficient than the state sector,” he said.
“Economically, we were demonstrating that there was another way of doing things … that the private sector is more efficient than the state sector.”
Things grew even worse for business owners like Larrea in July 2018, when Díaz-Canel hiked up performance standards, penalties, fines, and red tape for the country’s estimated 580,000 entrepreneurs. His administration also expanded the discretionary powers of executive agencies to inspect, punish, and curtail Cuban entrepreneurship.
Wrecking the Economy
Mr. Armstrong also warned of this infiltration of America. In a 1980 edition of the Worldwide News, he wrote, “I was saying over the air, and writing, back in 1934, that the Communist[s’] unwavering strategy was, as a first offensive toward world domination, propaganda. They began sowing the seeds of their Communist atheistic education all over the United States—especially among college professors and students.”
“They invaded American university campuses, full force,” he continued, “and the U.S. universities trustingly let them in.”
In
practice, communism has never been the grassroots movement Karl Marx
predicted. It has been driven by small groups of intellectuals and
elites who seize power. Hence the targeting of the American
intelligentsia—present and future.
Mr. Armstrong understood
this—and he saw a much bigger picture. He warned that demoralization
tactics originated from a source beyond Marx, the kgb or the Soviet Union. That warning also explains the effectiveness of the demoralization process: “Communism is the devil’s
effort, through his demon-inspired human tools, to take from us this
greatest national and economic blessing God ever conferred on any
people,” he wrote in 1949.
Even though the Soviet Union fell
before it could take advantage of the “destabilization” and “crisis”
stages of its subversion, the demoralization virus it had inflicted
continued to multiply inside its host. Something much more powerful was
at work here than Soviet initiatives. Something more powerful than even
communism itself.
FROM PAGE # 6
Corruption of Modern Education
As an economic system, communism pits the larger, poorer groups against the smaller, more wealthy groups. It calls for that wealth to be removed from those who have it and spread evenly among everyone. To accomplish this re-distribution of wealth, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote in The Communist Manifesto that private land ownership must be abolished, a heavily progressive income tax must be instituted, and all factories and financial institutions must be nationalized.
Regarding the troublesome matter of people (both wealthy and poor) who resist the program, Marx favored violence over reform. The only way to speed the march to his new society was “revolutionary terror,” he wrote.
The mantra of Marxist economics is: “From each according to his ability, to each according to his need.” The value produced by those with more “ability” must be redistributed to those with more “need.” This philosophy directly contradicts Jesus Christ’s teaching, represented in the parable of the pounds (Luke 19:12-27), in which each of Christ’s servants is rewarded differently based on how much he actually produced with what he was given.
The main reason Marxism doesn’t work is that when human beings don’t receive the full benefits of their labor, they lack incentive to work. The Soviet Union fell because of Russia’s enthusiastic embrace of Marxist-Leninist economics. As Russian economist Grigory Yavlinsky, an adviser to Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, once said: “The Soviet system is not working because the workers are not working.”
Despite the economic disaster that befell the Soviet Union, and the consistent failures of economies that follow Communist ideals, a shocking number of American economists still cling to the socialist movement and Marxist thought.
Communism has survived. And despite the cautionary plight of tens of millions who have recently suffered and died under Communist regimes, it has thrived—even inside the government of its sworn enemy, the United States. America’s current political environment exalts many Communist ideals. There is even compelling evidence connecting the current president to some of the biggest names in America’s Communist history.
Herbert Armstrong warned that Communist economics would sap America’s strength and weaken its economic power. “Satan is not a visible red devil with tail, horns and a pitchfork,” he wrote in the October 1951 Plain Truth. “The real Satan is invisible. The world doesn’t see him or recognize his works. … It doesn’t grasp the diabolical deception of communism—Satan’s economic delusion, employing propaganda based on false economies as its first arm of attack ….”
How Education Shaped Communist Cuba
And why it’s key to restoring the country's relationship with the U.S.
F is for Fidel, Y is for Yanqui.
This mantra used for teaching the alphabet in revolutionary Cuba shows
just how far its educational divide with the U.S. has stretched. No
sector illustrates better how Cuba and the U.S. have grown apart in over
50 years than education. Cuba claims today that its academic standards
are among the highest in the world, and the country has educated tens of
thousands of foreign students, mostly in medicine. U.S. policymakers
know little about the methods used in Cuban education, nor what
practical opportunities for collaboration in research and business might
exist. With the agreement the two countries made last December to
restore diplomatic relations, that may be about to change.
The U.S. and Cuba built strong links in education over the span of more
than 50 years after the island’s independence from Spain in 1902. The
first American football game played by the University of Miami in 1926
was against the University of Havana. Ruston Academy, founded in Havana
by Americans in 1920, became a model international school among the U.S.
expat community and prominent Cuban families. Fidel and Raul Castro for
their parts both attended elite Catholic schools, first in Santiago
then at Havana’s Colegio de Belén. Raul Castro’s wife, Vilma Espin—whose
father was a senior official with Bacardi—attended MIT in the 1950s. In
1959 the number of Americans expats in Cuba was not enormous, probably
under 50,000; only 6,500 Americans were formally registered as residents
of Cuba but many more came back and forth. Still, Cuban and U.S.
culture—jazz, baseball, Coca-Cola, Chevrolets—were in regular
interaction.
Cuban education had been a major subject of political
debate in Cuba before the revolution. The 1940 constitution enacted
under Fulgencio Batista included a requirement that the Ministry of
Education should take the largest share of the government’s budget,
except in cases of emergency. And the same constitution provided for
compulsory primary education between the ages of 6 through 14. Yet in
1953, the year of the last full census that was taken before the
Revolution, only 44 percent of children in these age groups were in
school. The absentee figures were much higher in the rural areas. Cuba
was not, of course, exceptional for these times. In the 1950s, though
Cuba had an overall illiteracy rate of 23 percent (with 53 percent in
rural areas), this was good for Latin America. Cuba’s secondary-school
attendance was relatively high as well. In 1953, 12 percent of those
between the ages of 15 and 19 were in school, a very high figure for the
region. And 20,000 Cubans were enrolled in universities. But standards
varied, and affluent parents often chose to pay to send their kids to
private schools; these school inequalities mirrored those across Cuba
during that time.
So
the scene was set for Fidel Castro to select education as a major issue
for his revolution. He had mentioned plans to raise teachers’ salaries
and improve rural schools briefly in the manifesto of his revolution,
but once in power it was clear that he saw education as having a pivotal
role in consolidating his revolution. Under Fidel Castro, education
became universal—but he also stipulated that anyone who received this
education would have to actively promote government policies both during
and after their schooling. They would also be required to take
government-approved courses that didn’t tolerate any criticism of
socialism as a way of life. In other words, education was seen as key to
the revolution taking hold and creating a literate population loyal to
the government.
* * *
The
Cuban government’s illiteracy campaign was an early example of
mobilization—the revolution hitting the ground running. Many of the
enlisted teachers were themselves high-school students. By 1961, when
the literacy campaign was at its height, Fidel Castro began closing all
private schools, many of which were run by the Catholic Church. This
followed the breaking of diplomatic relations with the U.S. and the
seizure of American commercial and residential property. The
battleground with the U.S. therefore had an early educational focus. And
it provoked the first wave of Cuban exiles, those who did not like the
direction the revolution was taking. The so-called "Pedro Pan" flights
brought to America school-age children whose parents preferred exile in
the U.S. to indoctrination. Many educators from the old regime followed,
prompting a teacher shortage on the island. The Colegio de Belén, which
the Castros had attended, was reestablished in Miami.
The Plot to Abolish the Family
Perhaps the most diabolical of these means is the Marxist plot to destroy the family. The Communist Manifesto calls the family a capitalist institution based “on private gain.” Marriage, it says, is but the “hypocritical” concealment of private prostitution. The authors hoped and predicted that both “bourgeois family” and “bourgeois marriage” would disappear with the vanishing of private capital.
Throughout the 1960s and into the ’70s, Soviet front groups worked throughout America to destroy marriage. Federal Bureau of Investigation informant Larry Grathwohl penetrated the revolutionary Communist group Weather Underground. After palling around with Bill Ayers, Bernardine Dohrn and their crew for months, Grathwohl wrote his report, “Bringing Down America: An fbi Informer With the Weathermen.” The report revealed that the Weather Underground network was determined to abolish monogamous marriage, which they viewed as a repressive remnant of male and white supremacy.
In his book The Naked Communist, author Willard Cleon Skousen identified 45 Communist goals for the ideological subversion of America. These goals were read on the floor of Congress on Jan. 10, 1963. Among them are: discrediting the family as an institution; encouraging promiscuity and easy divorce; emphasizing the need to raise children away from the negative influence of parents; promoting pornography; and presenting homosexuality as “normal, natural, healthy.”Under the influence of Marxist philosophy and Soviet subversion tactics, American educators have spent decades trumpeting sexual liberation, militant feminism and homosexual rights. All this has been done under the banner of freedom, but the truth is that these movements have served as Trojan horses in the assault on marriage.
In Karl Marx’s words: “Communism abolishes eternal truths, it abolishes all religion, and all morality, instead of constituting them on a new basis; it therefore acts in contradiction to all past historical experience.”
Or, in Herbert W. Armstrong’s words, “Communism is the vulture of decadent, dying politics, religion, and society” (Plain Truth subscriber letter, Nov. 24, 1967).
Mr. Armstrong elaborated in a 1979 World Tomorrow television broadcast where he again reiterated the biblical truth that Satan actively and invisibly rules the world (2 Corinthians 4:4; Ephesians 2:2). He then quoted a statement by Jesus Christ that becomes very troubling in the light of American society in 2014. “If the United States gets divided too much between the idea of freedom and the idea of communism,” he said, “this country could not stand.”
America may not have replaced the stars on its flag with hammers and sickles, but it is by now undeniable that it is divided between the idea of freedom and that of communism. The American people long ago rejected God and allowed Satan-inspired Communist philosophy to infiltrate, subvert and divide the nation. God will allow this experience to teach America the natural consequences of broken law.
Talk of equality sounds noble, but as Mr. Armstrong warned, the Communist version of “equality” is only a means to an end. “As fostered by the Soviet Union,” he wrote in 1949, “communism is launched as a worldwide class struggle, pitting the poorer class against those who have been economically more successful, arousing class prejudice, stirring up race hatreds. While they pretend to stand for peace, they engender only strife, and they feed like a vulture on poverty, discontent, discouragement, confusion and chaos.”
He warned, “Communism is the devil’s effort, through his demon-inspired human tools, to take from us this greatest national and economic blessing God ever conferred on any people.”
Looking at America today, you have to admit that Mr. Armstrong was right.
Karl Marx at 200: Ten left-wing writers who followed in the footsteps of a giant
As the revered political thinker marks his bicentenary, we look back at a selection of authors who addressed socialist causes and ideas in their fiction
Today is the bicentenary of Karl Marx (1818-83), an anniversary being observed around the world.
So what better time to dig out that battered teenage copy of The Communist Manifesto (1848) and all three groaning volumes of Das Kapital (1867-83)?
If the scale of that undertaking sounds daunting, fear not. Here is a selection of left-leaning writers who followed in the political philosopher’s wake, using fiction as a more readily digestible means of bringing socialist ideas to the reading public.
Zola’s panoramic novel sequence comprised thrilling but naturalistic tales of the working lives of everyone from prostitutes to train drivers and crooked financiers in works like Nana (1880), La Bete Humaine (1890) and L’Argent (1891).
So what better time to dig out that battered teenage copy of The Communist Manifesto (1848) and all three groaning volumes of Das Kapital (1867-83)?
If the scale of that undertaking sounds daunting, fear not. Here is a selection of left-leaning writers who followed in the political philosopher’s wake, using fiction as a more readily digestible means of bringing socialist ideas to the reading public.
Emile Zola (1840-1902)
The great French novelist’s 20-volume series Les Rougon-Macquart sought to encompass all aspects of contemporary society in the manner of Honore de Balzac’s mammoth La Comedie Humaine (1829-47).Zola’s panoramic novel sequence comprised thrilling but naturalistic tales of the working lives of everyone from prostitutes to train drivers and crooked financiers in works like Nana (1880), La Bete Humaine (1890) and L’Argent (1891).
Few books could be more prescient than Germinal (1885),
his account of coal miners toiling by lamplight in the fictional
northern town of Montsou who are driven to strike by the conditions they
suffer – with disastrous consequences.The novel captures the same spirit of compassion the young Vincent van Gogh
felt when he witnessed the brutal lives of those swinging picks in
Borinage, Belgium, presenting the dank horrors of the tunnels in
unflinching, journalistic detail.Charles Dickens
had carried out a similar act of reportage when he visited Preston by
rail in 1854 and reported back on the industrial action he had observed
in his Household Words essay “On Strike”, the inspiration for that same year’s Hard Times,
in turn capitalising on a contemporary interest in workers’ rights also
addressed in fiction by the likes of Elizabeth Gaskell in Mary Barton (1848).
The recognition of Germinal and the public service it provided was such that its title was chanted by mourners at Emile Zola’s funeral in 1900
HG Wells (1866-1946)
Born in Bromley, Kent, the son of a shopkeeping cricketer and a lady’s maid, Herbert George Wells abandoned an early career as a draper’s apprentice to serve as a pupil-teacher in Wookey, Somerset, and then at Midhurst, West Sussex.
Winning a scholarship to study biology at South Kensington’s Normal School of Science under TH Huxley, a friend and champion of Charles Darwin, Wells committed himself to a path of scholarship and debate, fascinated by the potential of science to create a fairer world – and wary of its capacity for misuse, describing human history as “a race between education and catastrophe”.
He is best remembered today for the purple patch that saw him write the seminal science fiction novels The Time Machine (1895), The Island of Dr Moreau (1896), The Invisible Man (1897) and The War of the Worlds (1898).
Wells addressed his hopes and fears for the future of society either side of the First World War in Anticipations (1902) and The Shape of Things Come (1933) and his support for the New Woman in works like Ann Veronica (1909) and The New Machiavelli (1911). Dr Moreau’s Panther Woman, according to Margaret Atwood, represents the fearsome potential of the modern woman.
An important early advocate for the suffrage movement, Wells was also a believer in “free love” with a reputation for womanising that scandalised his peers in the Fabian Society.
Wells in his study
This prophet of the future – who preached socialist principles from a young age, stood as a Labour candidate in 1922 and 1923 and met both Lenin and Stalin at the Kremlin – became increasingly pessimistic about the prospects of utopia following the brutal introduction of mechanised warfare in 1914, calling for Whitehall to introduce a “Department of Foresight” to look ahead to the world of tomorrow.He came to believe that only a world government could save us from further global conflict and falling victim to the megalomania of men like Griffin in The Invisible Man.The title of his final work, Mind at the End of its Tether (1945), said it all, but this visionary was nevertheless hailed as “an important liberator of thought and action” by Bertrand Russell.
The book boldly confronts the working-classes for resigning themselves to their unjust lot, accepting that wealth and comfort are “not for the likes of them” in order to turn a profit for their corrupt masters.
Set in the fictional town of Mugsborough, the novel attacks the capitalist system for allowing exploitation, embezzlement and hypocrisy to prosper at the expense of a fair deal for labourers.
Noonan died of tuberculosis aged just 41, his ambition to see his 1,600 page manuscript published unanswered and was buried in a pauper’s grave in Liverpool. Only the efforts of his daughter Kathleen saw the dream realised posthumously.
George Orwell reviewed The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists in The Manchester Evening News in 1946, praising it for capturing “the actual detail of manual work and the tiny things almost unimaginable to any comfortably situated person which make life a misery when one’s income drops below a certain level.”
The book underwent a revival of interest when BBC Radio 4 broadcast a new dramatisation at the height of the financial crash in 2009, chiming perfectly with the angry public mood that birthed the Occupy movement.
Liverpool’s Everyman Theatre staged a new theatrical production the following year.
But it was one of his earliest that would prove his most influential.
The Jungle (1906) tells of Lithuanian immigrant Jurgis Rudkus, who arrives in America and is put to work in the slaughterhouses of Chicago’s stockyards, falling prey to unscrupulous conmen, forced to live in slum housing and amass debt while enduring unsafe and unsanitary working conditions.
Jurgis ultimately finds support in the brotherhood of a trade union, but not before his wife Ona has been raped and driven into prostitution and morphine addiction and his son eaten by rats.
The literary equivalent of George Bellows’ gory painting Carcass of Beef (1925), Jack London called The Jungle “the Uncle Tom’s Cabin of wage slavery”.
Sinclair’s novel caused such outcry upon publication that Congress hurriedly passed both the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act to improve conditions for workers in the American meatpacking industry. It is also a scalding polemic about America’s treatment of immigrants, inferring that new arrivals at Ellis Island are processed, exploited on pittance salaries and disposed of when no longer needed like so much cattle.
Still widely read, Steinbeck’s crowning achievement is undoubtedly The Grapes of Wrath (1939), for which he won the Pulitzer Prize. Its protagonist, Tom Joad, is an Oklahoma farm hand driven out of the Dust Bowl with his family and thousands of others by economic hardship to seek a new life in the Promised Land of the west coast.The strength of the novel – famously filmed by John Ford in 1940 starring Henry Fonda as Joad – lies in its profound sympathy for its working-class characters and outrage at the indignities inflicted upon them by the “greedy bastards” responsible for bringing America to its knees during the Wall Street Crash of 1929.Folk troubadour Woody Guthrie, a fellow “Okie” with the proto-punk slogan “This Machine Kills Fascists” emblazoned upon his guitar, closely identified with the book and wrote both a song about Joad and an album called Dust Bowl Ballads in 1940.Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Billy Bragg and many others have all since followed his example in bringing popular protest against matters of social injustice to the mainstream.
These post-war warnings against totalitarianism continue to resonate because the concerns the author raised regarding state propaganda and surveillance as control mechanisms have sadly only become more pertinent with advances in digital technology and the passage of time.
“Orwellian” is an adjective that has been regularly used of late to criticise Donald Trump’s attempt to discredit critical media outlets with the newspeak phrase “fake news” – his Counsellor Kellyanne Conway’s ”alternative facts” is even closer – while everyone knows his coinages ”Big Brother”, “thought police”, “doublethink” and “Room 101”.As well as the Cassandra of dystopia, Orwell was a thoughtful observer of urban poverty and unemployment in works like Down and Out in Paris and London (1933) and The Road to Wigan Pier (1937), speaking of his “hatred of oppression” in the latter, a passion that saw him volunteer for the Spanish Civil War to oppose Franco’s fascists.
The recognition of Germinal and the public service it provided was such that its title was chanted by mourners at Emile Zola’s funeral in 1900
HG Wells (1866-1946)
Born in Bromley, Kent, the son of a shopkeeping cricketer and a lady’s maid, Herbert George Wells abandoned an early career as a draper’s apprentice to serve as a pupil-teacher in Wookey, Somerset, and then at Midhurst, West Sussex.
Winning a scholarship to study biology at South Kensington’s Normal School of Science under TH Huxley, a friend and champion of Charles Darwin, Wells committed himself to a path of scholarship and debate, fascinated by the potential of science to create a fairer world – and wary of its capacity for misuse, describing human history as “a race between education and catastrophe”.
He is best remembered today for the purple patch that saw him write the seminal science fiction novels The Time Machine (1895), The Island of Dr Moreau (1896), The Invisible Man (1897) and The War of the Worlds (1898).
Wells addressed his hopes and fears for the future of society either side of the First World War in Anticipations (1902) and The Shape of Things Come (1933) and his support for the New Woman in works like Ann Veronica (1909) and The New Machiavelli (1911). Dr Moreau’s Panther Woman, according to Margaret Atwood, represents the fearsome potential of the modern woman.
An important early advocate for the suffrage movement, Wells was also a believer in “free love” with a reputation for womanising that scandalised his peers in the Fabian Society.
Wells in his study
This prophet of the future – who preached socialist principles from a young age, stood as a Labour candidate in 1922 and 1923 and met both Lenin and Stalin at the Kremlin – became increasingly pessimistic about the prospects of utopia following the brutal introduction of mechanised warfare in 1914, calling for Whitehall to introduce a “Department of Foresight” to look ahead to the world of tomorrow.He came to believe that only a world government could save us from further global conflict and falling victim to the megalomania of men like Griffin in The Invisible Man.The title of his final work, Mind at the End of its Tether (1945), said it all, but this visionary was nevertheless hailed as “an important liberator of thought and action” by Bertrand Russell.
Robert Tressell (1870-1911)
One of the most beloved of all socialist novels, The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists was published in 1914, three years after its author – real name Robert Noonan, a sign writer – had passed away.The book boldly confronts the working-classes for resigning themselves to their unjust lot, accepting that wealth and comfort are “not for the likes of them” in order to turn a profit for their corrupt masters.
Set in the fictional town of Mugsborough, the novel attacks the capitalist system for allowing exploitation, embezzlement and hypocrisy to prosper at the expense of a fair deal for labourers.
Noonan died of tuberculosis aged just 41, his ambition to see his 1,600 page manuscript published unanswered and was buried in a pauper’s grave in Liverpool. Only the efforts of his daughter Kathleen saw the dream realised posthumously.
George Orwell reviewed The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists in The Manchester Evening News in 1946, praising it for capturing “the actual detail of manual work and the tiny things almost unimaginable to any comfortably situated person which make life a misery when one’s income drops below a certain level.”
The book underwent a revival of interest when BBC Radio 4 broadcast a new dramatisation at the height of the financial crash in 2009, chiming perfectly with the angry public mood that birthed the Occupy movement.
Liverpool’s Everyman Theatre staged a new theatrical production the following year.
Upton Sinclair (1878-1968)
Baltimore-born Upton Sinclair wrote almost 100 books over the course of a long career and was unafraid of tackling major subjects like exploitative yellow journalism in The Brass Check (1919) and fossil fuel gangsterism in Oil! (1927), the basis for Paul Thomas Anderson’s There Will Be Blood (2007).But it was one of his earliest that would prove his most influential.
The Jungle (1906) tells of Lithuanian immigrant Jurgis Rudkus, who arrives in America and is put to work in the slaughterhouses of Chicago’s stockyards, falling prey to unscrupulous conmen, forced to live in slum housing and amass debt while enduring unsafe and unsanitary working conditions.
Jurgis ultimately finds support in the brotherhood of a trade union, but not before his wife Ona has been raped and driven into prostitution and morphine addiction and his son eaten by rats.
The literary equivalent of George Bellows’ gory painting Carcass of Beef (1925), Jack London called The Jungle “the Uncle Tom’s Cabin of wage slavery”.
Workers cutting up hogs by hand at the Swift and Company meatpacking house in Chicago (Granger/Rex/Shutterstock)
Sinclair’s novel caused such outcry upon publication that Congress hurriedly passed both the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act to improve conditions for workers in the American meatpacking industry. It is also a scalding polemic about America’s treatment of immigrants, inferring that new arrivals at Ellis Island are processed, exploited on pittance salaries and disposed of when no longer needed like so much cattle.
John Steinbeck (1902-1968)
The great American writer was a prolific documentarian of his native California, writing about the lives of itinerant working men and Mexican migrants in novels like Tortilla Flat (1935), Of Mice and Men (1937), Cannery Row (1945) and East of Eden (1952), recording their hopes and dreams, the hardships they endured and the legacies they left behind.Still widely read, Steinbeck’s crowning achievement is undoubtedly The Grapes of Wrath (1939), for which he won the Pulitzer Prize. Its protagonist, Tom Joad, is an Oklahoma farm hand driven out of the Dust Bowl with his family and thousands of others by economic hardship to seek a new life in the Promised Land of the west coast.The strength of the novel – famously filmed by John Ford in 1940 starring Henry Fonda as Joad – lies in its profound sympathy for its working-class characters and outrage at the indignities inflicted upon them by the “greedy bastards” responsible for bringing America to its knees during the Wall Street Crash of 1929.Folk troubadour Woody Guthrie, a fellow “Okie” with the proto-punk slogan “This Machine Kills Fascists” emblazoned upon his guitar, closely identified with the book and wrote both a song about Joad and an album called Dust Bowl Ballads in 1940.Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Billy Bragg and many others have all since followed his example in bringing popular protest against matters of social injustice to the mainstream.
George Orwell (1903-1950)
George Orwell’s Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) remain the most widely read leftist books in the world six decades on from their original publication.These post-war warnings against totalitarianism continue to resonate because the concerns the author raised regarding state propaganda and surveillance as control mechanisms have sadly only become more pertinent with advances in digital technology and the passage of time.
“Orwellian” is an adjective that has been regularly used of late to criticise Donald Trump’s attempt to discredit critical media outlets with the newspeak phrase “fake news” – his Counsellor Kellyanne Conway’s ”alternative facts” is even closer – while everyone knows his coinages ”Big Brother”, “thought police”, “doublethink” and “Room 101”.As well as the Cassandra of dystopia, Orwell was a thoughtful observer of urban poverty and unemployment in works like Down and Out in Paris and London (1933) and The Road to Wigan Pier (1937), speaking of his “hatred of oppression” in the latter, a passion that saw him volunteer for the Spanish Civil War to oppose Franco’s fascists.
Richard Llewllyn (1906-1983)
Like Steinbeck, the Welsh novelist benefited from a John Ford adaptation of his work, the Western director filming Llewllyn’s 1939 book How Green Was My Valley in 1941 and raising its profile when it won the Best Picture from under the nose of Orson Welles’ Citizen Kane, now routinely voted the greatest film of all time.
That novel depicted the lives of coal miners in the Valleys of South Wales,
movingly contrasting the narrator’s nostalgia for a Victorian childhood
of home cooking and hymns, genteel poverty and first love among the
daffodils, with the horrific peril of life below ground – a subject that
unites him with Zola.
How Green Was My Valley’s themes would also resonate across the Atlantic in the coal fields of Appalachia where Kentucky country singer Merle Travis was writing songs like “Dark as the Dungeon” and “Sixteen Tons”, odes to working men toiling in the black stuff.
A witch hunt conducted at the height of Cold War "Red Scare" paranoia, Trumbo and several of his colleagues were blacklisted to prevent alleged leftist infiltration of the studio system. Ironically, this just meant he wrote more as a matter of financial necessity, adopting an array of pseudonyms to get films made from his scripts.
“For hour after sweating hour, bent double,
standing straight only when we were flat on our backs, we worked down
there, with the dust of coal settling on us with a light touch that you
could feel, as though the coal was putting fingers on you to warn you
that he was only feeling you, now, but he would have you down there,
underneath him, one day soon when you were looking the other way.”
The great American folk singer Paul Robeson, “the Samson of Song”
and an international flag-bearer for socialism, would take the cause of
Welsh coal miners to his heart and appeared in a British film examining
their plight in 1940, The Proud Valley, campaigning for safer working conditions and fairer wages from pit owners.How Green Was My Valley’s themes would also resonate across the Atlantic in the coal fields of Appalachia where Kentucky country singer Merle Travis was writing songs like “Dark as the Dungeon” and “Sixteen Tons”, odes to working men toiling in the black stuff.
Dalton Trumbo (1905-1976)
A hugely prolific screenwriter known for his personal flamboyance, Trumbo’s career came to be defined when he and his fellow members of the ”Hollywood Ten” were persecuted by Senator Joseph McCarthy over their Communist sympathies.A witch hunt conducted at the height of Cold War "Red Scare" paranoia, Trumbo and several of his colleagues were blacklisted to prevent alleged leftist infiltration of the studio system. Ironically, this just meant he wrote more as a matter of financial necessity, adopting an array of pseudonyms to get films made from his scripts.
His name returned to the opening credits on Stanley Kubrick’s Spartacus (1960) at the insistence of star Kirk Douglas,
a film based on Howard Fast’s novel (he too hauled before the House
Un-American Activities Committee) about a slave who stands up to the
might of the Roman Empire – a perfect David-and-Goliath allegory for the
individual versus the system.Trumbo was nothing if not versatile, putting his pacificism aside in the Second World War to write Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944), contributing to Roman Holiday (1953) and The Brave One (1956) and writing Otto Preminger’s Exodus (1960), an epic about the founding of Israel.He was also an admired novelist, writing the social realist work Eclipse (1935) during
the Great Depression – based on his youth among the fruit orchards of
Grand Junction, Colorado – and the devastating anti-war novel Johnny Got His Gun (1939).
The Nobel Prize winner – a former journalist in Bogota and Venezuela known for his reporting during the brutal riots of “La Violencia” between 1948 and 1958 – used his international fame to denounce right-wing dictatorships, becoming an outspoken critic of Chilean strongman president Augusto Pinochet.Marquez was also a close friend and unwavering supporter of Cuban leader Fidel Castro, the pair bonding over seafood and literature.
Interested in anarchism, the cosmic harmony of Taoism and the overriding universals that unite humanity, Le Guin rejected binary understandings of gender and saw sexuality as a spectrum decades before the mainstream caught up thanks to the efforts of LGBT+ activists.
“The king was pregnant” is a four-word sentence that stunned readers in 1969 and which brilliantly conveys her forthright, challenging manner. Le Guin’s core principle in writing was that anything can happen in the years to come because the future is unwritten. Regimes can tumble, old orthodoxes crumble. Everything is impermanent – an idea simultaneously uplifting and terrifying.Writing the foreword to Murray Bookchin’s essay collection The Next Revolution in 2015, aged 86, she expressed optimism about the future of the international left:
Maybe the Coronavirus Will Teach Millennials the Dangers of Communism
Gabriel Garcia Marquez (1927-2014): best mates with Castro
A leading light of Latin American culture, the Colombian author of One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) and Love in the Time of Cholera (1985) is credited with inventing magic realism but his flights of fancy were always grounded in everyday experience, stressing that reality was “a material just as hard as wood”.The Nobel Prize winner – a former journalist in Bogota and Venezuela known for his reporting during the brutal riots of “La Violencia” between 1948 and 1958 – used his international fame to denounce right-wing dictatorships, becoming an outspoken critic of Chilean strongman president Augusto Pinochet.Marquez was also a close friend and unwavering supporter of Cuban leader Fidel Castro, the pair bonding over seafood and literature.
Ursula K Le Guin (1929-2018)
This admired science fiction writer and environmentalist, who passed away in January this year, was hugely prolific but remains best known for her Earthsea fantasy series (1968-2001) and The Left Hand of Darkness (1969), The Dispossessed (1974) and The Word For World is Forest (1976).Interested in anarchism, the cosmic harmony of Taoism and the overriding universals that unite humanity, Le Guin rejected binary understandings of gender and saw sexuality as a spectrum decades before the mainstream caught up thanks to the efforts of LGBT+ activists.
Ahead of her time, Ursula K Le Guin, truly a force of nature (Getty)
“The king was pregnant” is a four-word sentence that stunned readers in 1969 and which brilliantly conveys her forthright, challenging manner. Le Guin’s core principle in writing was that anything can happen in the years to come because the future is unwritten. Regimes can tumble, old orthodoxes crumble. Everything is impermanent – an idea simultaneously uplifting and terrifying.Writing the foreword to Murray Bookchin’s essay collection The Next Revolution in 2015, aged 86, she expressed optimism about the future of the international left:
“Young people, people this society blatantly
short-changes and betrays, are looking for intelligent, realistic,
long-term thinking: not another ranting ideology, but a practical
working hypothesis, a methodology of how to regain control of where
we’re going. Achieving that control will require a revolution as
powerful, as deeply affecting society as a whole, as the force it wants
to harness.”
It’s not an ideology, but it’s a threat all the same.
Corruption
has always existed. In Deuteronomy 16:19 the Bible says, “You must not
accept bribes, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and subverts the
cause of those who are in the right.” Corruption’s insidious effects
have grown to alarming dimensions, however, in the twenty-first century.
Grand corruption—the use of state power by the power-holders to
appropriate to themselves and their friends resources on a very large
scale—affects the politics of countries where it exists by encouraging
dictatorship: those in power have a strong incentive to stay there
indefinitely so as to keep stealing while using part of what they steal
to bribe and repress those they govern in order to retain their power.
Grand corruption also distorts the economies of the countries that
suffer from it, by directing capital away from productive channels to
the bank accounts of corrupt elites and by making the distribution of
wealth more unequal than it would otherwise be.
In its political and economic consequences, in fact, large-scale corruption has the same effects as communism, which, in the last century, fostered repressive governments and sub-optimal economic performances where communists gained power. Moreover, twenty-first-century corruption resembles twentieth-century communism in yet another important way: as a cause of international conflict. Just as the aggressive global communist movement, spearheaded by the Soviet Union, posed the chief threat to world peace from the end of World War II to the end of the Cold War, so grand corruption lies at the heart of the greatest challenge to global peace and stability today. It follows that fighting such corruption is a way of making the world a more peaceful place.
Today’s challenge comes from the aspirations of three major countries to dominate their home regions and their willingness to use force to do so. In Europe, Russia has seized Crimea and invaded and occupied eastern Ukraine. In East Asia, China has claimed ownership of most of the western Pacific and built artificial islands there on which it has constructed military installations. In the Middle East, Iran has created armed forces that act on its behalf in Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, and Yemen. The aggressive foreign policies of all three threaten their neighbors, and therefore the international interests of the United States.
These aggressive policies have several causes in each case but one particular motive in common: regime protection. Vladimir Putin’s government in Russia, the rule of the Communist Party led by Xi Jinping in China, and the clerical autocrats of the Islamic Republic of Iran all lead dictatorships that operate in what remains, despite democracy’s current troubles, a predominantly democratic world. Their democratic surroundings engender feelings of insecurity in all three regimes. While all three depend ultimately on coercion to retain power, each feels the need for popular support and political legitimacy as well; and that need connects corruption to the threat of war.
None of the three has the option of gaining legitimacy by governing in democratic fashion, for democracy would dislodge each of them from power. In the 20th century the governments of Russia and China claimed the right to rule on the basis of ideology: they were carrying out the precepts of Marxism-Leninism (and in China of Maoism as well). Their 21st-century successors, however, have abandoned communist ideology, either formally, as in Russia, or effectively, as China’s Communist Party has done. The Iranian regime does have an official ideology, resting on the Persian and Shia version of Islamic fundamentalism, but few Iranians outside the governing elite believe in it.
The dictatorships of post-communist Russia and post-Maoist China have relied on economic growth to win such popularity as they enjoy. The formula for economic success in both cases, however—a rising price of oil for Russia, the combination of the large-scale movement of people from the countryside to the cities, high levels of government investment, especially in infrastructure, and ever-increasing exports for China—no longer yield the desired results. The Iranian economy has performed poorly since the founding of the Islamic Republic, which enhances the public’s discontent with the mullahs.
Unable to use democracy, ideology, or economic growth, the governments of Russia, China, and Iran have turned to aggressive nationalism to bolster their positions at home. The aim of generating public support is not the only reason for their foreign policies but it is, in each case, an important one. To those they govern the regimes have depicted their military activities beyond their borders as measures to assure their countries’ rightful positions of primacy in their respective regions. The rulers have also portrayed these policies as necessary responses to the nefarious efforts of jealous rivals—above all the United States—to weaken and subvert their countries. The tactic seems to have achieved some success in each case; and to the extent that the Russian, Chinese, and Iranian regimes believe that this is so, they have an incentive to launch further risky initiatives. This incentive thus creates the most dangerous ongoing threat to global order, and it is tied to corruption.
When Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping, and the Iranian mullahs conduct their aggressive foreign policies they are, among other things, defending their regimes; and the regimes they are defending are corrupt. All three, in fact, practice grand corruption.
Russia and China qualify as kleptocracies. That is, the large-scale theft of resources by the government and its friends is the essence, the defining activity, of the two regimes. It is the main business of the power-holders. The purpose of gaining public power is to accumulate private wealth. People join the Putin regime and the Chinese Communist Party, and seek to rise within their ranks, in order to get rich; and for the most part they do. In Iran, which remains nominally (and for some officials no doubt actually) devoted to the propagation of a particular variant of Islam, corruption is rampant. The rulers use their power to enrich themselves and their friends, as do the leaders of the regime’s powerful paramilitary organization, the Revolutionary Guard Corps.
Grand corruption makes the diversion of public attention afforded by aggressive nationalism all the more important to the three regimes because corruption is deeply and almost universally unpopular. No one except its beneficiaries approves of it, and the beneficiaries do not dare declare their approval publicly: to the contrary, these kleptocratic regimes officially oppose corruption.
The Soviet Union and Maoist China could justify their rule by their ideological missions. Their heirs cannot do that with what has taken ideology’s place: theft on a large scale. In the era of orthodox communism the Russian and Chinese people could be asked to sacrifice for, or at least to show forbearance toward, the regime for the sake of the radiant future it was building. (That is still the case, up to a point, for Iranians.) The current rulers, by contrast, cannot ask for sacrifice and forbearance so that the autocrats can become plutocrats as well, although that is their actual goal.
The end of communism made many of the countries that discarded it freer, richer, and more peaceful. An end to the kleptocratic regimes that govern Russia China, and Iran would have similarly salutary consequences. Their demise would remove a powerful motive for political repression, would free resources for productive economic use, and, most important of all for the rest of the world, would eliminate a major cause of international aggression. The fall of communism provides, however, a cautionary lesson about the future of large-scale corruption. Just as other countries did not bring down the Soviet Union—that was the work of the Russian people and the other peoples of the communist empire—so it is not within the power of non-Russians and non-Chinese to dislodge the regimes that govern these continent-sized, nuclear-armed countries. While it is feasible to remove the mullahs from power by force in not-yet-nuclear-armed Iran, the world will be extremely reluctant to undertake such a campaign. Moreover, the end of the Russian, Chinese, and Iranian kleptocracies would not guarantee stable, well-governed, democratic successors. Communism in Russia gave way, after all, to Putin rather than to democracy.
Still, the world can take steps to weaken the kleptocratic hold on power in these three countries and thereby increase the chances for a more peaceful world. The Cold-War battle against communism offers two useful precedents.
The 1975 Helsinki Accords, signed by the Soviet Union and its communist satellites as well as the democratic countries of Western Europe and North America, committed the signatories to the protection of human rights and fundamental liberties. The communist authorities never intended to honor this promise and in fact they did not. But the Accords gave increased prominence and importance to the issue of rights and liberties—and the communist denial of them—and contributed to the peaceful movements that overthrew communism in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989.
Similarly, greater global public attention to the problem of grand corruption would emphasize to the people of Russia, China, and Iran, who are its principal victims, that they are not alone in recognizing and objecting to it and that kleptocracy violates what the world considers to be an important global norm. The establishment of an International Anti-Corruption Court, proposed by the American federal judge Mark L. Wolf, could help to accomplish this by shining a brighter international spotlight on kleptocratic regimes.
Also during the Cold War, although the democratic West did not attempt to defeat the Soviet Union militarily, it could and did take steps to avoid strengthening the communists, for example by restricting the transfer of sensitive and militarily useful technology. In the same spirit the West can and should adopt measures to reduce the assistance the democracies give to the kleptocracies. Russian and Chinese kleptocrats and their friends take as much of their ill-gotten gains as possible out of Russia and China, and place them in the West, often in expensive real estate in the United States and Great Britain. Stiffer laws to compel the disclosure of the origins of such financial transactions, and, where possible, to prevent the dirty money from being parked in the West, as suggested by the Washington D.C.-based Kleptocracy Initiative would penalize those who now benefit from grand corruption.
An International Anti-Corruption Court and stricter laws governing the flow of money of corrupt origin in the West will not, in and of themselves, bring down the kleptocratic regimes of Russia, China, or Iran. Nor will all corruption, grand and especially petty, ever be eliminated everywhere—including in the relatively honest West: the impulse to profit by less-than-honest dealing, including the illicit use of state power, is present everywhere and won’t disappear. But it is possible to weaken regimes for which large-scale corruption is not merely an incidental feature but rather their reason for being; and doing so would make the world a far less dangerous place.
In its political and economic consequences, in fact, large-scale corruption has the same effects as communism, which, in the last century, fostered repressive governments and sub-optimal economic performances where communists gained power. Moreover, twenty-first-century corruption resembles twentieth-century communism in yet another important way: as a cause of international conflict. Just as the aggressive global communist movement, spearheaded by the Soviet Union, posed the chief threat to world peace from the end of World War II to the end of the Cold War, so grand corruption lies at the heart of the greatest challenge to global peace and stability today. It follows that fighting such corruption is a way of making the world a more peaceful place.
Today’s challenge comes from the aspirations of three major countries to dominate their home regions and their willingness to use force to do so. In Europe, Russia has seized Crimea and invaded and occupied eastern Ukraine. In East Asia, China has claimed ownership of most of the western Pacific and built artificial islands there on which it has constructed military installations. In the Middle East, Iran has created armed forces that act on its behalf in Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, and Yemen. The aggressive foreign policies of all three threaten their neighbors, and therefore the international interests of the United States.
These aggressive policies have several causes in each case but one particular motive in common: regime protection. Vladimir Putin’s government in Russia, the rule of the Communist Party led by Xi Jinping in China, and the clerical autocrats of the Islamic Republic of Iran all lead dictatorships that operate in what remains, despite democracy’s current troubles, a predominantly democratic world. Their democratic surroundings engender feelings of insecurity in all three regimes. While all three depend ultimately on coercion to retain power, each feels the need for popular support and political legitimacy as well; and that need connects corruption to the threat of war.
None of the three has the option of gaining legitimacy by governing in democratic fashion, for democracy would dislodge each of them from power. In the 20th century the governments of Russia and China claimed the right to rule on the basis of ideology: they were carrying out the precepts of Marxism-Leninism (and in China of Maoism as well). Their 21st-century successors, however, have abandoned communist ideology, either formally, as in Russia, or effectively, as China’s Communist Party has done. The Iranian regime does have an official ideology, resting on the Persian and Shia version of Islamic fundamentalism, but few Iranians outside the governing elite believe in it.
The dictatorships of post-communist Russia and post-Maoist China have relied on economic growth to win such popularity as they enjoy. The formula for economic success in both cases, however—a rising price of oil for Russia, the combination of the large-scale movement of people from the countryside to the cities, high levels of government investment, especially in infrastructure, and ever-increasing exports for China—no longer yield the desired results. The Iranian economy has performed poorly since the founding of the Islamic Republic, which enhances the public’s discontent with the mullahs.
Unable to use democracy, ideology, or economic growth, the governments of Russia, China, and Iran have turned to aggressive nationalism to bolster their positions at home. The aim of generating public support is not the only reason for their foreign policies but it is, in each case, an important one. To those they govern the regimes have depicted their military activities beyond their borders as measures to assure their countries’ rightful positions of primacy in their respective regions. The rulers have also portrayed these policies as necessary responses to the nefarious efforts of jealous rivals—above all the United States—to weaken and subvert their countries. The tactic seems to have achieved some success in each case; and to the extent that the Russian, Chinese, and Iranian regimes believe that this is so, they have an incentive to launch further risky initiatives. This incentive thus creates the most dangerous ongoing threat to global order, and it is tied to corruption.
When Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping, and the Iranian mullahs conduct their aggressive foreign policies they are, among other things, defending their regimes; and the regimes they are defending are corrupt. All three, in fact, practice grand corruption.
Russia and China qualify as kleptocracies. That is, the large-scale theft of resources by the government and its friends is the essence, the defining activity, of the two regimes. It is the main business of the power-holders. The purpose of gaining public power is to accumulate private wealth. People join the Putin regime and the Chinese Communist Party, and seek to rise within their ranks, in order to get rich; and for the most part they do. In Iran, which remains nominally (and for some officials no doubt actually) devoted to the propagation of a particular variant of Islam, corruption is rampant. The rulers use their power to enrich themselves and their friends, as do the leaders of the regime’s powerful paramilitary organization, the Revolutionary Guard Corps.
Grand corruption makes the diversion of public attention afforded by aggressive nationalism all the more important to the three regimes because corruption is deeply and almost universally unpopular. No one except its beneficiaries approves of it, and the beneficiaries do not dare declare their approval publicly: to the contrary, these kleptocratic regimes officially oppose corruption.
The Soviet Union and Maoist China could justify their rule by their ideological missions. Their heirs cannot do that with what has taken ideology’s place: theft on a large scale. In the era of orthodox communism the Russian and Chinese people could be asked to sacrifice for, or at least to show forbearance toward, the regime for the sake of the radiant future it was building. (That is still the case, up to a point, for Iranians.) The current rulers, by contrast, cannot ask for sacrifice and forbearance so that the autocrats can become plutocrats as well, although that is their actual goal.
The end of communism made many of the countries that discarded it freer, richer, and more peaceful. An end to the kleptocratic regimes that govern Russia China, and Iran would have similarly salutary consequences. Their demise would remove a powerful motive for political repression, would free resources for productive economic use, and, most important of all for the rest of the world, would eliminate a major cause of international aggression. The fall of communism provides, however, a cautionary lesson about the future of large-scale corruption. Just as other countries did not bring down the Soviet Union—that was the work of the Russian people and the other peoples of the communist empire—so it is not within the power of non-Russians and non-Chinese to dislodge the regimes that govern these continent-sized, nuclear-armed countries. While it is feasible to remove the mullahs from power by force in not-yet-nuclear-armed Iran, the world will be extremely reluctant to undertake such a campaign. Moreover, the end of the Russian, Chinese, and Iranian kleptocracies would not guarantee stable, well-governed, democratic successors. Communism in Russia gave way, after all, to Putin rather than to democracy.
Still, the world can take steps to weaken the kleptocratic hold on power in these three countries and thereby increase the chances for a more peaceful world. The Cold-War battle against communism offers two useful precedents.
The 1975 Helsinki Accords, signed by the Soviet Union and its communist satellites as well as the democratic countries of Western Europe and North America, committed the signatories to the protection of human rights and fundamental liberties. The communist authorities never intended to honor this promise and in fact they did not. But the Accords gave increased prominence and importance to the issue of rights and liberties—and the communist denial of them—and contributed to the peaceful movements that overthrew communism in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989.
Similarly, greater global public attention to the problem of grand corruption would emphasize to the people of Russia, China, and Iran, who are its principal victims, that they are not alone in recognizing and objecting to it and that kleptocracy violates what the world considers to be an important global norm. The establishment of an International Anti-Corruption Court, proposed by the American federal judge Mark L. Wolf, could help to accomplish this by shining a brighter international spotlight on kleptocratic regimes.
Also during the Cold War, although the democratic West did not attempt to defeat the Soviet Union militarily, it could and did take steps to avoid strengthening the communists, for example by restricting the transfer of sensitive and militarily useful technology. In the same spirit the West can and should adopt measures to reduce the assistance the democracies give to the kleptocracies. Russian and Chinese kleptocrats and their friends take as much of their ill-gotten gains as possible out of Russia and China, and place them in the West, often in expensive real estate in the United States and Great Britain. Stiffer laws to compel the disclosure of the origins of such financial transactions, and, where possible, to prevent the dirty money from being parked in the West, as suggested by the Washington D.C.-based Kleptocracy Initiative would penalize those who now benefit from grand corruption.
An International Anti-Corruption Court and stricter laws governing the flow of money of corrupt origin in the West will not, in and of themselves, bring down the kleptocratic regimes of Russia, China, or Iran. Nor will all corruption, grand and especially petty, ever be eliminated everywhere—including in the relatively honest West: the impulse to profit by less-than-honest dealing, including the illicit use of state power, is present everywhere and won’t disappear. But it is possible to weaken regimes for which large-scale corruption is not merely an incidental feature but rather their reason for being; and doing so would make the world a far less dangerous place.
Published on: March 25, 2019
Michael Mandelbaum is the Christian A.
Herter Professor Emeritus of American Foreign Policy at The Johns
Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, a Member of
the Editorial Board of The American Interest, and the author of the new book The Rise and Fall of Peace on Earth (Oxford University Press) from which this essay is adapted.
Young People like ‘Socialism,’ but Do They Know What It Is?
By David Boaz
This article appeared in National Review (Online)
Fifty‐seven percent of Democrats and 51 percent of young people have a positive view of socialism, Gallup reports,
slightly more than those who have a positive view of capitalism. That’s
frightening. The record of socialist countries, from the Soviet Union
and Mao Zedong’s China to today’s Venezuela, is horrific: little or no
economic growth, hunger, authoritarian government, people risking their
lives to flee.
So why are people talking about socialism again? It seemed to start with Senator Bernie Sanders’s
presidential campaign in 2016. Then came a new breed of Democrats fed
up with the influence of money in both parties, typified by Alexandria
Ocasio-Cortez’s upset victory over a prominent Democratic congressman.
The Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) says its membership
skyrocketed after Ocasio-Cortez’s June win.
Socialism is back, after seemingly being buried in the dustbin of
history with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989, for several
reasons. Young people never knew, and many older voters have forgotten,
what the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its Eastern
European client states were like. The financial crisis of 2008 certainly
gave capitalism a bad name. Bailouts for Wall Street, a very slow
economic recovery, and endless wars left people on all sides of the
political spectrum looking for alternatives. For some people that
alternative was a tough‐talking billionaire president, but with his
harsh rhetoric toward immigrants and other groups, he seemed like
a typical unfeeling capitalist to many other voters.
So now half of Americans 18 – 29 say they have a positive view of socialism. But there’s a lot of confusion about what that means. The traditional definition of socialism, as summarized in the Concise Encyclopedia of Economics, is “a centrally planned economy in which the government controls all means of production.” That’s what the Communist Party implemented in the Soviet Union and China. It was the goal of the British Labour Party, and the nationalizations of coal, iron and steel, railroads, utilities, and international telecommunications after World War II led to decades of economic stagnation.
But most American “socialists” probably don’t support government ownership of the means of production. Ask self‐proclaimed socialists what they want, and you get vague and lovely answers. Ocasio‐Cortez says that “in a modern, moral and wealthy society, no person in America should be too poor to live.” In the Liza Minnelli musical Flora the Red Menace, the Communist organizer sings, “Are you in favor of democracy, the rights of man, everlasting peace, milk and cookies for the kids, security, jobs for everyone, and against slums, the filthy rich, and making cannon fodder of our youth? Then you’re a Communist!”
Sanders has often pointed to Denmark as an example of democratic socialism. But don’t tell that to the Danes. In 2015 the Danish prime minister said he knew that “some people in the U.S. associate the Nordic model with some sort of socialism. I would like to make one thing clear. Denmark is far from a socialist planned economy. Denmark is a market economy.”
If Denmark is the model for today’s American socialists, then they should leave the DSA and join Democrats for Higher Taxes and Transfer Payments.
A deeper dive into Gallup’s latest poll shows a decided lack of interest in the kind of government control that socialism would entail. Asked if they had a positive or negative image of various things, respondents gave very high marks to small business, entrepreneurship, and free enterprise, and 56 percent approval to capitalism. The federal government and socialism lagged far behind at 39 and 37 percent. (These are numbers for all respondents, not just young people as above.)
Only 44 percent agreed that “government should do more to solve our country’s problems.” Only 25 percent said there is too little government regulation of business, 39 percent said too much, and 33 percent the right amount. In 2017 Gallup found that 67 percent of Americans believed big government was a bigger threat to the future than big business was. Only 26 percent picked big business, and 5 percent said big labor.
Perhaps most telling: If socialism means anything, it means giving more power to government. But almost no one in the new Gallup poll thinks the federal government has too little power: just 8 percent in the new poll, about where it’s been since 2002.
There’s lots of talk in the United States about socialism these days, and lots of debate about how high taxes and spending ought to be. But Americans like free enterprise, and very few of them want a more powerful government.
So now half of Americans 18 – 29 say they have a positive view of socialism. But there’s a lot of confusion about what that means. The traditional definition of socialism, as summarized in the Concise Encyclopedia of Economics, is “a centrally planned economy in which the government controls all means of production.” That’s what the Communist Party implemented in the Soviet Union and China. It was the goal of the British Labour Party, and the nationalizations of coal, iron and steel, railroads, utilities, and international telecommunications after World War II led to decades of economic stagnation.
But most American “socialists” probably don’t support government ownership of the means of production. Ask self‐proclaimed socialists what they want, and you get vague and lovely answers. Ocasio‐Cortez says that “in a modern, moral and wealthy society, no person in America should be too poor to live.” In the Liza Minnelli musical Flora the Red Menace, the Communist organizer sings, “Are you in favor of democracy, the rights of man, everlasting peace, milk and cookies for the kids, security, jobs for everyone, and against slums, the filthy rich, and making cannon fodder of our youth? Then you’re a Communist!”
Sanders has often pointed to Denmark as an example of democratic socialism. But don’t tell that to the Danes. In 2015 the Danish prime minister said he knew that “some people in the U.S. associate the Nordic model with some sort of socialism. I would like to make one thing clear. Denmark is far from a socialist planned economy. Denmark is a market economy.”
If Denmark is the model for today’s American socialists, then they should leave the DSA and join Democrats for Higher Taxes and Transfer Payments.
A deeper dive into Gallup’s latest poll shows a decided lack of interest in the kind of government control that socialism would entail. Asked if they had a positive or negative image of various things, respondents gave very high marks to small business, entrepreneurship, and free enterprise, and 56 percent approval to capitalism. The federal government and socialism lagged far behind at 39 and 37 percent. (These are numbers for all respondents, not just young people as above.)
Only 44 percent agreed that “government should do more to solve our country’s problems.” Only 25 percent said there is too little government regulation of business, 39 percent said too much, and 33 percent the right amount. In 2017 Gallup found that 67 percent of Americans believed big government was a bigger threat to the future than big business was. Only 26 percent picked big business, and 5 percent said big labor.
Perhaps most telling: If socialism means anything, it means giving more power to government. But almost no one in the new Gallup poll thinks the federal government has too little power: just 8 percent in the new poll, about where it’s been since 2002.
There’s lots of talk in the United States about socialism these days, and lots of debate about how high taxes and spending ought to be. But Americans like free enterprise, and very few of them want a more powerful government.
Maybe the Coronavirus Will Teach Millennials the Dangers of Communism
China’s mask is being removed for a new generation. Will they see?
Millennials love socialism.
They like redistributive social policies. They want everyone “taken care
of.” The purveyors of current American socialist policy are a
communist, Bernie Sanders, and current “democrat socialists” aka “the
Squad.” Millennials haven’t connected the totalitarian means being used
to achieve socialism’s ends. They either ignore or don’t know the evil
necessary to create a socialistic/communistic state.
It’s tough to blame this generation for their rosy view of a murderous ideology. They didn’t live through the Cold War. They didn’t see Stalin’s gulags. The story they hear about Mao is that he was, as a self-assured friend of my kid said, “good for women’s rights.” This generation was taught that communism was good, if misapplied. Public school teachers see themselves as aggrieved workers and spread their miserable worldview to their ignorant charges. It gets worse in college. So the millennials are ignorant.
Millennials have also grown up during a time of technological transformation that puts a world of knowledge at their fingertips. The power that they wield — to buy immediately, to share their lives, to play, to photograph, to stay connected — can lead to arrogance. It’s as though the world has always been this rich, this knowledgable, this immediate. With no way to compare, and being woefully uneducated, it’s easy to be ignorant and arrogant: a perfect storm making socialism and communism seem reasonable. Decadent wealth (their own) can make one dismissive of true want.
Maybe China’s totalitarian actions attempting to stop the coronavirus will wake up the younger generations. The small leaks out of China (communist regimes tend to dislike the truth) are horrifying. The images include soldiers dragging citizens away to who-knows-where, public health officials boarding people into their homes, brick walls built to keep people in cities, bars on hospital rooms, people dropping dead on the street, people being turned away from multiple hospitals, images of what looks like mass burials.
It’s tough to blame this generation for their rosy view of a murderous ideology. They didn’t live through the Cold War. They didn’t see Stalin’s gulags. The story they hear about Mao is that he was, as a self-assured friend of my kid said, “good for women’s rights.” This generation was taught that communism was good, if misapplied. Public school teachers see themselves as aggrieved workers and spread their miserable worldview to their ignorant charges. It gets worse in college. So the millennials are ignorant.
Millennials have also grown up during a time of technological transformation that puts a world of knowledge at their fingertips. The power that they wield — to buy immediately, to share their lives, to play, to photograph, to stay connected — can lead to arrogance. It’s as though the world has always been this rich, this knowledgable, this immediate. With no way to compare, and being woefully uneducated, it’s easy to be ignorant and arrogant: a perfect storm making socialism and communism seem reasonable. Decadent wealth (their own) can make one dismissive of true want.
Maybe China’s totalitarian actions attempting to stop the coronavirus will wake up the younger generations. The small leaks out of China (communist regimes tend to dislike the truth) are horrifying. The images include soldiers dragging citizens away to who-knows-where, public health officials boarding people into their homes, brick walls built to keep people in cities, bars on hospital rooms, people dropping dead on the street, people being turned away from multiple hospitals, images of what looks like mass burials.
Then there are the constant lies. The numbers of infected are clearly
false. No one knows for sure who is sick and how many have died,
meaning no scientists can get their arms around real numbers and
expectations for the spread of the illness. Age distribution? Modes of
transmission? It’s all conjecture. The all-powerful Chinese government
has ceased sharing real data. As Vox notes,
Right now, European officials are hunting down the hundreds of people who came in contact with a “super spreader” businessman who had travelled from Singapore. And this woman describes the lax standards at both U.S. and Canadian airports after being on the cruise ship now quarantined off the coast of Japan.
Back in communist China, the citizen journalist who has been covering the coronavirus outbreak has disappeared. His family fears that he is either sick or has been taken by the government.
To deal with the terrible public relations threat to the regime, Xi Jinping (president for life) has sent 300 propagandists to Wuhan to “strengthen public opinion guidance“:
Communism is a fragile edifice. It is built on deceit and manipulation. As the civilization starts to fray, the leaders take more extreme action to control the populace and its view of itself. Dissent is extinguished.
It’s astonishing, in this modern age with social media, how Western media, public health officials, scientists, and doctors have been credulous regarding the numbers and medical data coming out of China. They should know better.
Do tech-savvy young people who get their information from social media notice that no direct sourcing or scant sourcing is coming out of China? Do they notice what’s missing?
Maybe now millennials and those younger will wake up to the reality of totalitarian, communist regimes. Even supposedly advanced ones like China revert to type when under stress. A people’s paradise is created through force. Through the regime’s desire to save face, their hiding of information and punishing the truth-tellers may have inflicted a new, deadly virus on the world.
Will younger people wake up to the dangers posed by the tyranny needed to produce socialist/communist governments? Unlikely. The only thing wrong with socialism, it seems, is that it hasn’t been done right. Bernie Sanders will save them, they believe, and bring a world of fairness and equality. Like China, but better!
https://spectator.org
What does it mean to be a democratic socialist in America?
While the idea of equalizing the distribution of wealth is an old one, the way of doing so dubbed “socialism” dates to the 19th century. The term generally refers to collectively-owned businesses and forms of government, in which workers and government entities have more control over the means of production and distribution of goods, versus the private ownership and free market that drives capitalism.
American politicians today who are associated with democratic socialism generally favor New Deal-style programs, believing that government is a force for good in people’s lives and that a large European-style welfare state can exist in a capitalist society. They generally support ideas such as labor reform and pro-union policies, tuition-free public universities and trade schools, universal healthcare, federal jobs programs, fair taxation that closes loopholes that the wealthiest citizens have found, and using taxes on the rich and corporations to pay for social welfare programs. (Of course the Democratic Socialists of America website has a whole page on this very question, as do the campaign websites for Ocasio-Cortez and Salazar, as well as that of Senator Bernie Sanders, another prominent democratic socialist.)
“[What they want] is not a violent overthrow of capitalism, but working within the system through legal and peaceful means [such as] electoral and social movements,” says Isserman.
The party elected more than 1,000 candidates at the state, local and federal level before World War I. Its candidates ran against both Democrats and Republicans, but its life as a third party essentially fell apart when the group succumbed to internal divisions in the early 1970s. Ironically, some experts trace the problem to the popularity and visibility of the left that arrived with the 1960s and ’70s counterculture movements. Some organizations just weren’t able to handle the influx of interest and get everyone on the same page. Isserman explains how it stymied groups like SDS: “In 1965, SDS had 15,000 members. In 1968 it had 100,000 members, and it wasn’t entirely a good thing. All these people pour in bringing in new energy and ideas, [but it was] hard to say what [those ideas were]. By 1969, it had splintered into small and internally embattled factions.”
When the DSA was founded in 1982 by Michael Harrington, who dropped out of Yale Law School to join the Catholic Worker Movement, it had lofty goals: it appeared to be an attempt to bring socialists together again after that earlier split, while incorporating the interests of the women’s movement, civil rights movement, gay rights movements and other social movements born in the ’60s, all while also acknowledging that socialism’s moment as a political party in America had passed. Its organizers believed it could be more useful as what some have called basically a lobbying group to the Democratic Party, pushing the mainstream liberal party further left. Harrington described his group’s stance as “the left wing of the possible” and he knew from first-hand experience that such influence could be powerful: the Great Society programs of Lyndon Johnson’s presidency were partly inspired by Harrington’s book The Other America: Poverty in the United States.
American democratic socialist, writer, political activist, and political theorist, Michael Harrington (1928 - 1989), in Boston on Dec. 11, 1977.
by David Fields
From the list below, the reader will gain a comprehensive understanding of why communism, and, consequently, the late Fidel Castro, was so appealing to black people throughout the world. This list is not meant to be exhaustive, yet offers an introduction to the topic for readers interested in learning more. Please feel free to add suggestions of pertinent readings in the comments section.
“Democratic socialists believe in elections, the First Amendment — [they] want ordinary people to have more power in a more democratic system,” Kazin says. “In communist countries, the state controls everything and a small group of people control the state, a tyrannical system.”
Confusion is understandable, however, because the USSR did stand for Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. But for context, here’s how Kazin explains when the distinction started to be made between socialism and communism: “All communists call themselves socialists because they want it on the way to pure communism.” But, he explains, the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in 1917 caused a split between those who identified primarily as communist and those who identified as socialist. In 1919, the Bolsheviks formed the Comintern (Communist International), an international organization of communist parties and groups. Those who wanted to follow in Russia’s footsteps joined, essentially declaring themselves communist, while others decided to stick with socialism.
That’s not all. Lawrence Gostin, a global health law professor at Georgetown University, pointed out that while China deserves credit for sharing 2019-nCoV’s genetic sequence shortly after announcing the outbreak, it “has not been forthcoming with additional information about the virus from different samples at different times in different regions.”Nor have Chinese scientists shared the virus itself with other national labs. And yet this information is crucial for understanding “whether the virus mutated, how, and also about its transmissibility,” Gostin explained.What’s more, China refused weeks of offers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and WHO to send experts to China, according to a February 7 report in the New York Times. (Only on February 9 did the WHO announce that a mission for China was finally departing — but it’s not going to Wuhan yet.)
New data seems to indicate that the virus can be
transmissible for 24 days. In one case, it took 42 until diagnosis (the
person could have been sick a week or two before.) The problem? No one
knows the true answer. Chinese leaders aren’t sharing it.
At the beginning of this new virus, the Chinese authorities should
have told the world so that scientists could help stop the spread of the
disease. Instead, they punished the doctor who brought attention to the disease.Right now, European officials are hunting down the hundreds of people who came in contact with a “super spreader” businessman who had travelled from Singapore. And this woman describes the lax standards at both U.S. and Canadian airports after being on the cruise ship now quarantined off the coast of Japan.
Back in communist China, the citizen journalist who has been covering the coronavirus outbreak has disappeared. His family fears that he is either sick or has been taken by the government.
To deal with the terrible public relations threat to the regime, Xi Jinping (president for life) has sent 300 propagandists to Wuhan to “strengthen public opinion guidance“:
Disinformation, obfuscation, and authoritarian suppression: it’s all a day in the life of a communist. How dangerous is this ideology? As dangerous as starving farmers, mass graves, famines, and now disease.Cheng Yizhong, a former editor of Southern Metropolis Daily who was removed from the job in part due to the paper’s coverage of the 2003 SARS outbreak, told The Australian that the Chinese Communist Party had worsened the current crisis with its control of the media. “All Chinese are suffering the bitterness of CCP monopoly over power, resources and truth,” said Mr Cheng.There have been reports — first on social media and later in rare pockets of the Chinese media — that local officials in Wuhan suppressed case numbers from mid-December to early last month.
Communism is a fragile edifice. It is built on deceit and manipulation. As the civilization starts to fray, the leaders take more extreme action to control the populace and its view of itself. Dissent is extinguished.
It’s astonishing, in this modern age with social media, how Western media, public health officials, scientists, and doctors have been credulous regarding the numbers and medical data coming out of China. They should know better.
Do tech-savvy young people who get their information from social media notice that no direct sourcing or scant sourcing is coming out of China? Do they notice what’s missing?
Maybe now millennials and those younger will wake up to the reality of totalitarian, communist regimes. Even supposedly advanced ones like China revert to type when under stress. A people’s paradise is created through force. Through the regime’s desire to save face, their hiding of information and punishing the truth-tellers may have inflicted a new, deadly virus on the world.
Will younger people wake up to the dangers posed by the tyranny needed to produce socialist/communist governments? Unlikely. The only thing wrong with socialism, it seems, is that it hasn’t been done right. Bernie Sanders will save them, they believe, and bring a world of fairness and equality. Like China, but better!
Melissa Mackenzie is Publisher of The American Spectator.
Melissa commentates for the BBC and has appeared on Fox. Her work has
been featured at The Guardian, PJ Media, and was a front page
contributor to RedState.
Melissa commutes from Houston, Texas to Alexandria, VA. She lives in
Houston with her two sons, one daughter, and a Ragdoll cat.
What does it mean to be a democratic socialist in America?
While the idea of equalizing the distribution of wealth is an old one, the way of doing so dubbed “socialism” dates to the 19th century. The term generally refers to collectively-owned businesses and forms of government, in which workers and government entities have more control over the means of production and distribution of goods, versus the private ownership and free market that drives capitalism.
American politicians today who are associated with democratic socialism generally favor New Deal-style programs, believing that government is a force for good in people’s lives and that a large European-style welfare state can exist in a capitalist society. They generally support ideas such as labor reform and pro-union policies, tuition-free public universities and trade schools, universal healthcare, federal jobs programs, fair taxation that closes loopholes that the wealthiest citizens have found, and using taxes on the rich and corporations to pay for social welfare programs. (Of course the Democratic Socialists of America website has a whole page on this very question, as do the campaign websites for Ocasio-Cortez and Salazar, as well as that of Senator Bernie Sanders, another prominent democratic socialist.)
Alena Kuzub—
“What democratic socialists want is closer to what
exists in Scandinavia or Iceland, expanding what Europeans talk about — a
large welfare state in a capitalist society,” says Kazin. (That said,
there’s some debate about whether those Nordic nations can really be considered social democracies anymore or whether they are more market-driven than most people think.)“[What they want] is not a violent overthrow of capitalism, but working within the system through legal and peaceful means [such as] electoral and social movements,” says Isserman.
Why was the Democratic Socialists of America founded?
The DSA is the latest incarnation of a long-running socialist movement in America that dates back to the turn of the 20th century. The Socialist Party of America was established in 1901. Its best-known leader was Eugene Debs, the five-time presidential candidate and workers’ rights leader made famous by the Pullman strikes that helped inspire the creation of Labor Day.The party elected more than 1,000 candidates at the state, local and federal level before World War I. Its candidates ran against both Democrats and Republicans, but its life as a third party essentially fell apart when the group succumbed to internal divisions in the early 1970s. Ironically, some experts trace the problem to the popularity and visibility of the left that arrived with the 1960s and ’70s counterculture movements. Some organizations just weren’t able to handle the influx of interest and get everyone on the same page. Isserman explains how it stymied groups like SDS: “In 1965, SDS had 15,000 members. In 1968 it had 100,000 members, and it wasn’t entirely a good thing. All these people pour in bringing in new energy and ideas, [but it was] hard to say what [those ideas were]. By 1969, it had splintered into small and internally embattled factions.”
When the DSA was founded in 1982 by Michael Harrington, who dropped out of Yale Law School to join the Catholic Worker Movement, it had lofty goals: it appeared to be an attempt to bring socialists together again after that earlier split, while incorporating the interests of the women’s movement, civil rights movement, gay rights movements and other social movements born in the ’60s, all while also acknowledging that socialism’s moment as a political party in America had passed. Its organizers believed it could be more useful as what some have called basically a lobbying group to the Democratic Party, pushing the mainstream liberal party further left. Harrington described his group’s stance as “the left wing of the possible” and he knew from first-hand experience that such influence could be powerful: the Great Society programs of Lyndon Johnson’s presidency were partly inspired by Harrington’s book The Other America: Poverty in the United States.
Whistle-blowing Is an American Tradition–And a Bad Sign for Our Democracy
His biographer Isserman, who is a member of the group, describes Harrington as a charismatic mainstream media pundit who came to be a go-to source on the subject: “Mr. Poverty as well as Mr. Socialism, the guy you went to to learn about poverty.” His death in 1989 marked the beginning of a long period of relative quiet for the DSA.American democratic socialist, writer, political activist, and political theorist, Michael Harrington (1928 - 1989), in Boston on Dec. 11, 1977.
The Black Communist Reading list
by David Fields
From the list below, the reader will gain a comprehensive understanding of why communism, and, consequently, the late Fidel Castro, was so appealing to black people throughout the world. This list is not meant to be exhaustive, yet offers an introduction to the topic for readers interested in learning more. Please feel free to add suggestions of pertinent readings in the comments section.
- Adi, Hakim. Pan-Africanism and Communism: The Communist International, Africa and the Diaspora, 1919-1939.
- Amis, B.D. African American Radical: A Short Anthology of Writings and Speeches.
- Andrews, Gregg. Thyra J. Edwards: Black Activist in the Global Freedom Struggle.
- Davies, Carole Boyce. Left of Karl Marx: The Political Life of Black Communist Claudia Jones.
- De los Reyes Castillo Bueno, Maria. Reyita: The Life of a Black Cuban Woman in the Twentieth Century.
- Duberman, Martin Bauml. Paul Robeson.
- Gore, Dayo. Radicalism at the Crossroads: African American Women Activists in the Cold War.
- Haywood, Harry. Black Bolshevik: Autobiography of an Afro-American Communist.
- Hughes, Langston. I Wonder as I Wander: An Autobiographical Journey.
- Hutchinson, Earl. Blacks and Reds: Race and Class in Conflict, 1919-1990.
- Horne, Gerald. Black Liberation/Red Scare: Ben Davis and the Communist Party.
- Horne, Gerald. Paul Robeson: The Artist as Revolutionary.
- Horne, Gerald. Black Revolutionary: William Patterson and the Globalization of the African American Freedom Struggle.
- Kelley, Robin D.G. Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination.
- Kelley, Robin D.G. Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists During the Great Depression.
- Lieberman, Robbie and Clarence Lang. Anticommunism and the African American Freedom Movement: “Another Side of the Story”
- Lumumba, Patrice and Sankar Srinivasan. May our People Triumph: Poem, Speeches & Interviews.
- Makalani, Minkah. In the Cause of Freedom: Radical Black Internationalism from Harlem to London, 1917-1939.
- McDuffie, Erik S. Sojourning for Freedom: Black Women, American Communism, and the Making of Black Left Feminism.
- Morrison, Karen Y. Cuba’s Racial Crucible: The Sexual Economy of Social Identities, 1750-2000.
- Naison, Mark. Communists in Harlem during the Great Depression.
- Painter, Nell Irvin. The Narrative of Hosea Hudson: His Life as a Negro Communist in the South.
- Robinson, Cedric J. Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition.
- Robinson, Robert. Black on Red: My 44 Years Inside the Soviet Union.
- Smith, Homer. Black Man In Red Russia: A Memoir.
- Solomon, Mark. The Cry Was Unity: Communists and African Americans, 1917-1936.
How is democratic socialism different from socialism and communism in the former Soviet Union and other countries abroad?
The simple answer is that democratic socialists believe in a democracy, while communist forms of government are not democracies.“Democratic socialists believe in elections, the First Amendment — [they] want ordinary people to have more power in a more democratic system,” Kazin says. “In communist countries, the state controls everything and a small group of people control the state, a tyrannical system.”
Confusion is understandable, however, because the USSR did stand for Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. But for context, here’s how Kazin explains when the distinction started to be made between socialism and communism: “All communists call themselves socialists because they want it on the way to pure communism.” But, he explains, the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in 1917 caused a split between those who identified primarily as communist and those who identified as socialist. In 1919, the Bolsheviks formed the Comintern (Communist International), an international organization of communist parties and groups. Those who wanted to follow in Russia’s footsteps joined, essentially declaring themselves communist, while others decided to stick with socialism.
Communists and socialists are masters of deceit
- By Ron Brault Wonder Valley
America has not been this divided
since the Civil War because our country is under vicious assault by an
alien ideology called communism. They have corrupted the institutions
that made America great and have control over education, entertainment
and the national mainstream media which is the propaganda arm of the
Democrat party. Everything that comes from the MSM is a manufactured
illusion designed to deceive. It’s sad to hear liberals parrot lies
spewed by the mainstream media.
The communists have made their home in the Democratic Party and the environmental movement. Democrats argue that socialism isn’t communism despite following the teachings of Karl Marx, who invented it. It’s no longer the Democrat party of John F. Kennedy, but the party of Karl Marx. Socialism is the gateway to communism.
It’s disturbing that so many Americans fall prey to an ideology that wants to deprive them of freedom, destroy capitalism, reinvent our founding and rally behind nonsense like manmade global warming and gun control. Socialism has a special appeal to those who desire government to take care of their every need, think for them and punish those who have more than they do. Social justice means we will be sharing equally in scarcity and misery. Donald Trump is demonstrating that capitalism is far superior to socialism and is pushing back against the liberal agenda causing Democrats to go insane and foam at the mouth.
How many parents would sit down with their kids and tell them their world is going to end in 12 years and they will be dead? Yet, this is what children are taught in schools and universities. No wonder our young people are suicidal. Young people need to look forward to their future, their goals, their dreams and enjoy their youth, not told they are going to die in 12 years by hooplehead liberals and communists. The climate hoax is a sinister form of child abuse and supporters should be ashamed of themselves.
The global warming hoax is brilliant and you have to give the commies credit for coming up with such a masterful deception. It’s the perfect weapon to destroy capitalism and replace it with socialism. To save the planet we must ban fossil fuels that are the life blood of our capitalist economy. Why have so many bought into this nonsense? The climate hoax allows aimless people to add meaning to their otherwise meaningless lives by crusading to save the planet. Note: A consensus of scientists is not science.
After every shooting the Democrats blame law-abiding gun owners, the Second Amendment and the NRA. The Second Amendment isn’t about deer hunting. It’s about having weapons to defend our country, our community and our homes against tyranny and whatever threat comes our way. The best weapon is a semi-automatic center fire rifle with large capacity magazines. Socialism is a control system and not compatible with an armed citizenry. That’s the real reason they want your guns.
Walmart recently banned firearms in their stores, even those with carry permits. Way to go Wallyworld, you placed your customers at risk by providing a safe zone for nut jobs and terrorists.
Hypocrisy is a hallmark of the left. The strategy is to accuse your enemy of being what you are. The only crime Donald Trump committed was winning the election. Yet, the left spent two years demonizing Trump over the Russia hoax while Democrats actually did what they accuse Trump of doing.
“The goal of socialism is communism.”
— Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (AKA Lenin)
What do critics, especially Republicans, think of democratic socialists?
Republicans have objected to many parts of DSA candidates’ platforms, especially, in recent years, the idea of “Medicare for all.” They argue that such a system of government-controlled national healthcare would be too expensive and would lead to rationing and less consumer choice.
They point also to countries such as Zimbabwe, Nicaragua, and Venezuela as case studies for how socialism can go wrong, citing governments run by dictators and the seizure of private property. “Critics say the U.S. would be a poorer, less efficient society,” as Kazin puts it.
What was the significance of Bernie Sanders’ 2016 presidential campaign to democratic socialists?
These days, the Democratic Socialists of America boasts more than 50,000 members. That’s thanks in part to the presidential campaign of Sen. Sanders, who lost to Hillary Clinton in the 2016 Democratic primary. Kazin argues that Sanders’ decision to run as a Democrat who identifies as a democratic socialist (like Ocasio-Cortez and Salazar), rather than running on a third-party ticket, was key for exposure.
“Bernie says ‘I’m a democratic socialist,’ people who have never heard of it Google it, and the DSA website comes up,” says Isserman. (Though Sanders identifies as a socialist he is not a DSA member.)
But, he adds, one factor was more important than Sanders: time.
By now, enough time has passed that, at least for younger generations, the “Cold War bogeyman,” as Isserman puts it, is gone. To many, the Soviet Union is no longer the evil empire, and socialism is no longer taboo. That means that, as younger people have looked for alternatives to politics as usual, the option of socialism has seemed viable. Isserman traces that impulse to the recession after the 2008 financial crisis, which opened a window for the DSA to appeal to millennials graduating with insurmountable college debt into an economy in which full-time jobs with benefits have been hard to land. And the Occupy Wall Street protesters, who camped out near the New York Stock Exchange in the financial district in Manhattan, made a key democratic socialist tenet — closing the wage gap — part of the national conversation by framing the problem as one of the 1% versus the 99%.
Surveys show that, while not every socialism-linked candidate fared well in 2018’s primaries, feelings about socialism in the United States have become downright warm: A University Chicago survey of 18-to-34-year-olds, from this May, found that 61% of millennial Democrats “express favorable views toward Socialism.” One Gallup poll from a few months later reported that more Democrats hold “positive views” of socialism than of capitalism, at 57% versus 47%.
But DSA members aren’t resting on their laurels yet.
“This is the moment of DSA’s greatest opportunity, and it’s also the moment of DSA’s greatest peril,” says Isserman. “In the history of the American left, periods of great expansion led to collapse.”
Sure, the issues and the phony narratives would be different but the intensity of the attacks would be the same and the illegal politicizing of Federal agencies would probably still have occurred. There is little doubt the Dems would have created phony narratives customized for whoever the nominee was, similar to how they customized the Russian collusion hoax for Trump. This is what the establishment Republicans and the Never-Trumpers don’t understand. Long before Trump’s candidacy, total war was declared on the GOP when the Obama administration strategically created the conditions to make its progressive revolution a permanent one. Or so they thought.
First, let’s dump the naivety. Obama has been fully in charge of both the pre- and post- election attacks on Trump. He is the leader of the resistance. The idea that his appointees at the FBI, DOJ, IRS, CIA, State Department, etc., would risk committing multiple felonies without direction from him or his henchman is simply not believable as many long-time political leaders and observers have stated.
Obama’s fingerprints can be found everywhere in the widening scandal. Text messages in September, 2016, between FBI agents/lovers Peter Strzok and Lisa Page reveal that Obama “wanted to know everything we’re doing” in the course of carrying out their make-believe investigation of Secretary of State Hillary Clinton for illegally using a private server and thus allowing “foreign actors” to access sensitive State Department info, according to two House committees and an internal FBI email.
Indeed, under Obama, in late 2015, over 5,000 Americans had their civil rights violated by illegal FISA “702” search queries, using the NSA/FBI database by “contractors” politically connected to the Democrats. It is believed one such contractor was Fusion GPS, the Democrat firm involved with facilitating the Russian dossier containing false information about Trump. When NSA director Adm. Mike Rogers discovered this illegal activity in April, 2016, he terminated contractor access to the database.
Not only is it highly likely the Obama White House knew that 5,000 Americans had their backgrounds searched illegally, but at this early point in the presidential campaign, it’s likely information was being sought on other GOP contenders, not just Trump.
More evidence of Obama’s involvement in all the corruption was the fact that he himself used a pseudonym to email Hillary on her private server. Then he later lied about it as confirmed by the IG report.
Another Strzok email to Page shows concern that some other staff member had stated “the White House is running this,” but Page assures him that “we got emails that say otherwise.”
That’s right; they were creating fake email trails to cover up Obama’s involvement. Even Obama’s Director of National Intelligence, James Clapper, admitted in a CNN interview that “It was he [Obama] who tasked us to do that intelligence community assessment in the first place,” explaining that it “set up a whole sequence of events which are still unfolding today, notably Special Counsel Mueller’s investigation.”
Moreover, according to the DOJ Inspector General report, one of Obama’s top DOJ officials phoned FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe, pressuring him to drop the FBI investigation into the Clinton Foundation. There’s no way this official would do this without approval from Obama. Such revelations, are, as author Matthew Vadum puts it, “raising the specter of a sitting president becoming involved in a plot to rig the 2016 election.”
Hillary had to be exonerated in the private email scandal and an investigation of her pay-to-play foundation had to be avoided, because Obama could not afford to have her indicted in the midst of her presidential campaign. She was essential to continuing Obama’s plan to transform America and permanently keep the Republicans out of power. The Deep State is essentially the group of conspirators Obama assembled to (a) protect Hillary from being indicted, (b) smear the GOP nominee, and (c) ensure Hillary won the presidency.
This is why, aside from Obama, as many as 13 key Obama appointees communicated with Hillary using her private email account. And no, it was not for discussing their kid’s birthday parties. Such a complex abuse of the law requires confidential messaging hidden from the public and future investigators. It is why Hillary went to such extremes to “bleach bit” her email server and to destroy her smartphones using a hammer. Indeed, according to the FBI, she used as many as 13 electronic devices but the FBI was unable to locate most of them.
Even the seven IRS employees involved with targeting conservative groups managed to destroy their emails by all claiming their computers had crashed. Right.
This is also why Obama ally and socialist billionaire George Soros funds a network of Obama-aligned groups to carry out much of the dirty work. For example, Soros funds a plethora of groups that promote open borders, attack ICE, and make it easier for illegals to avoid arrest.
These groups also fight all efforts to implement any kind of voter ID system that would make it difficult for illegals to vote. Indeed, the current DNC Chairman, Tom Perez, worked with “Casa De Maryland,” a Soros-funded group that successfully convinced the city of College Park to allow illegals to vote in local elections.
But Soros plays an even bigger role in the Obama-led resistance. The House Intelligence Committee reported that Soros and seven to ten other heavy hitters spent $50 million trying to convince people that the phony intel contained in the Dossier was authentic. Soros also funds Media Matters, a leftist group that works to convince social media companies to censor conservatives, a necessary tactic in order for Obama’s soft coup to be successful. And Google, Twitter, YouTube, Facebook appear to be dutifully following the left’s demands.
The Truth About it
The Realist Observe Archives
Plus
Cuba has two economies now: the national Communist economy for the majority; and a quasi-capitalist one for foreigners and the elite. Each has its own currency: the Communist economy uses the Cuban peso, and the capitalist bubble uses the convertible peso. Cuban pesos are worth nothing. They can’t be converted to dollars or euros. Foreigners can’t even spend them in Cuba. The convertible pesos are pegged to the U.S. dollar, but banks and hotels pay only 87 Cuban cents for each one—the government takes 13 percent off the top. The rigged exchange rate is an easy way to shake down foreigners without most noticing. It also enables the state to drain Cuban exiles. A million Cuban-Americans live in south Florida, and another half-million live elsewhere in the United States. They send hundreds of millions of dollars a year to family members still on the island. The government gets its 13 percent instantaneously and most of the remaining 87 percent later because almost every place that someone can spend the money is owned by the state.
Twenty-four years later and Raul Castro has not yet been brought to justice
On this day in 1996, four young men on a humanitarian mission were killed by the Cuban Air Force.
Our friends at Capitol Hill Cubans recalled what happened that awful day. This is from Senior U.S. District Judge Lawrence King in the civil lawsuit against the Castro regime and the Cuban Air Force (FAR):
The four victims were: Armando Alejandre Jr. (45 years old), Carlos Alberto Costa (29), Mario Manuel de la Peña (24), and Pablo Morales (29).
Three of these young men were US citizens and the 4th was a legal resident.
PS: You can listen to my show (Canto Talk) and follow me on Twitter.
https://babalublog.com/
GO TO PAGE # 22
This month marks the 60th anniversary of the triumph of the Cuban Revolution. One way to measure the failure of this prolonged exercise in despotism is to look at its changing narrative.
In the beginning, the Bearded Ones vowed that Cuba would become an economic superpower. In 1961 Che Guevara promised that by 1980 (the year of the Mariel exodus of boat people) Cuba’s per capita income would overtake that of the United States.
Communism soon killed any possibility of prosperity. So the Revolution changed the narrative: Its “ultima ratio” was now the Cold War and Cuba’s role in the planetary struggle between socialism and capitalism—a way to justify Cuba becoming a Soviet colony. The rhetoric also pointed to social achievements that were largely the legacy of the pre-revolutionary years. Though underdeveloped, in the 1950s Cuba had Latin America’s third-highest per capita income, third-longest life expectancy, and lowest mortality rate.
When the Soviet Union collapsed, the narrative changed again. It was time to enlarge the already disproportionate role Cuba had played during the Cold War (sending soldiers to fight in Africa, for instance) by turning it into a world bastion of socialism after Moscow’s “treason.”
Since the end of the Soviet subsidy—several billion dollars a year—had uncovered the truth about Cuba’s miserable economy, Fidel Castro also developed a narrative based on a heroic “special period” in which Cubans would re-enact the resistance of Thermopylae against the Persians. Anything that could generate some foreign exchange and social peace was rhetorically justified—even the emergence of a few small private businesses, the arrival of foreign capital in partnership with the Cuban state, tourism (until then symbolic of the ancient regime’s subservience to the United States), and prostitution.
Venezuela’s subsidy provided an opportunity for Cuba to export “professional services,” sending thousands of doctors, nurses, and teachers overseas in exchange for dollars. This was close to slavery since the host country would pay the salaries to the Cuban government in dollars and the Castro regime would pay the doctors and teachers a tiny fraction of the money ... in Cuban pesos! The professionals were not allowed to take their families with them lest they defect. Under the new narrative, this cruel exploitation was a service to humanity.
When Fidel Castro fell ill in 2006 the narrative evolved. His brother Raul, a China admirer, could not steer too far away from Fidel’s legacy but allowed more Cubans to engage in small, closely controlled entrepreneurial activities and invited new foreign capital to partner with the state.
As the Venezuelan subsidy dwindled due to Chavismo’s catastrophe, Castro expanded the limited reforms with a narrative based on modernization.
Today the Revolution continues to be a police state that brutally represses any form of dissidence, and its reforms have yielded nothing but failure. As the well-respected economist Carmelo Mesa-Lago has shown, the private sector represents no more than 7% of GDP. The country is severely undercapitalized (gross capital formation is one half of Latin America’s average); and agricultural and industrial production has shrunk in the last decade. The island’s largest source of foreign exchange continues to be the export of professional services, that grotesque euphemism.
Sixty years on, Cuba has nothing but misery to show for itself—and an extraordinary ability to delude itself and many others.
Alvaro Vargas Llosa is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute.
The communists have made their home in the Democratic Party and the environmental movement. Democrats argue that socialism isn’t communism despite following the teachings of Karl Marx, who invented it. It’s no longer the Democrat party of John F. Kennedy, but the party of Karl Marx. Socialism is the gateway to communism.
It’s disturbing that so many Americans fall prey to an ideology that wants to deprive them of freedom, destroy capitalism, reinvent our founding and rally behind nonsense like manmade global warming and gun control. Socialism has a special appeal to those who desire government to take care of their every need, think for them and punish those who have more than they do. Social justice means we will be sharing equally in scarcity and misery. Donald Trump is demonstrating that capitalism is far superior to socialism and is pushing back against the liberal agenda causing Democrats to go insane and foam at the mouth.
How many parents would sit down with their kids and tell them their world is going to end in 12 years and they will be dead? Yet, this is what children are taught in schools and universities. No wonder our young people are suicidal. Young people need to look forward to their future, their goals, their dreams and enjoy their youth, not told they are going to die in 12 years by hooplehead liberals and communists. The climate hoax is a sinister form of child abuse and supporters should be ashamed of themselves.
The global warming hoax is brilliant and you have to give the commies credit for coming up with such a masterful deception. It’s the perfect weapon to destroy capitalism and replace it with socialism. To save the planet we must ban fossil fuels that are the life blood of our capitalist economy. Why have so many bought into this nonsense? The climate hoax allows aimless people to add meaning to their otherwise meaningless lives by crusading to save the planet. Note: A consensus of scientists is not science.
After every shooting the Democrats blame law-abiding gun owners, the Second Amendment and the NRA. The Second Amendment isn’t about deer hunting. It’s about having weapons to defend our country, our community and our homes against tyranny and whatever threat comes our way. The best weapon is a semi-automatic center fire rifle with large capacity magazines. Socialism is a control system and not compatible with an armed citizenry. That’s the real reason they want your guns.
Walmart recently banned firearms in their stores, even those with carry permits. Way to go Wallyworld, you placed your customers at risk by providing a safe zone for nut jobs and terrorists.
Hypocrisy is a hallmark of the left. The strategy is to accuse your enemy of being what you are. The only crime Donald Trump committed was winning the election. Yet, the left spent two years demonizing Trump over the Russia hoax while Democrats actually did what they accuse Trump of doing.
“The goal of socialism is communism.”
— Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (AKA Lenin)
What do critics, especially Republicans, think of democratic socialists?
Republicans have objected to many parts of DSA candidates’ platforms, especially, in recent years, the idea of “Medicare for all.” They argue that such a system of government-controlled national healthcare would be too expensive and would lead to rationing and less consumer choice.
They point also to countries such as Zimbabwe, Nicaragua, and Venezuela as case studies for how socialism can go wrong, citing governments run by dictators and the seizure of private property. “Critics say the U.S. would be a poorer, less efficient society,” as Kazin puts it.
Socialist Takeover Of The Democratic Party
Former President Clinton believes in the same warning as his fictional president in The President Is Missing: “Our democracy cannot survive its current downward drift into tribalism, extremism and seething resentment.” What is ironic and laugable is Clinton is describing the current Democratic Party . . . the party of slavery, civil war, KluKlux Klan, Jim Crow laws . . . now the home of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) and the Communist Party USA (CPUSA).These days, the Democratic Socialists of America boasts more than 50,000 members. That’s thanks in part to the presidential campaign of Sen. Sanders, who lost to Hillary Clinton in the 2016 Democratic primary. Kazin argues that Sanders’ decision to run as a Democrat who identifies as a democratic socialist (like Ocasio-Cortez and Salazar), rather than running on a third-party ticket, was key for exposure.
“Bernie says ‘I’m a democratic socialist,’ people who have never heard of it Google it, and the DSA website comes up,” says Isserman. (Though Sanders identifies as a socialist he is not a DSA member.)
By now, enough time has passed that, at least for younger generations, the “Cold War bogeyman,” as Isserman puts it, is gone. To many, the Soviet Union is no longer the evil empire, and socialism is no longer taboo. That means that, as younger people have looked for alternatives to politics as usual, the option of socialism has seemed viable. Isserman traces that impulse to the recession after the 2008 financial crisis, which opened a window for the DSA to appeal to millennials graduating with insurmountable college debt into an economy in which full-time jobs with benefits have been hard to land. And the Occupy Wall Street protesters, who camped out near the New York Stock Exchange in the financial district in Manhattan, made a key democratic socialist tenet — closing the wage gap — part of the national conversation by framing the problem as one of the 1% versus the 99%.
Surveys show that, while not every socialism-linked candidate fared well in 2018’s primaries, feelings about socialism in the United States have become downright warm: A University Chicago survey of 18-to-34-year-olds, from this May, found that 61% of millennial Democrats “express favorable views toward Socialism.” One Gallup poll from a few months later reported that more Democrats hold “positive views” of socialism than of capitalism, at 57% versus 47%.
But DSA members aren’t resting on their laurels yet.
“This is the moment of DSA’s greatest opportunity, and it’s also the moment of DSA’s greatest peril,” says Isserman. “In the history of the American left, periods of great expansion led to collapse.”
With the appearance of Death of a Nation,
the must-see film by Dinesh D’Souza, a debate has begun as to the role
Donald Trump plays in American history. D’Souza argues persuasively that
Trump has saved America from socialism while the left and
Never-Trumpers insist he has set America back. However, the events of
the last few years seem strongly to support D’Souza’s view.
Americans need to understand that the shocking refusal by a major
political party to accept the results of the last election and the
onslaught of verbal, legal, and physical assaults the Democrats have
engendered, are not specific to Donald Trump.
In other words, it is now clear plans were made by Obama to exploit
federal power during his presidency to give the Democrats control of our
nation — perpetually. It really didn’t matter if Trump was the GOP
nominee or not. In other words, the chaos we are witnessing today would
not have been much different had, for example, Ted Cruz won the
presidency.Sure, the issues and the phony narratives would be different but the intensity of the attacks would be the same and the illegal politicizing of Federal agencies would probably still have occurred. There is little doubt the Dems would have created phony narratives customized for whoever the nominee was, similar to how they customized the Russian collusion hoax for Trump. This is what the establishment Republicans and the Never-Trumpers don’t understand. Long before Trump’s candidacy, total war was declared on the GOP when the Obama administration strategically created the conditions to make its progressive revolution a permanent one. Or so they thought.
First, let’s dump the naivety. Obama has been fully in charge of both the pre- and post- election attacks on Trump. He is the leader of the resistance. The idea that his appointees at the FBI, DOJ, IRS, CIA, State Department, etc., would risk committing multiple felonies without direction from him or his henchman is simply not believable as many long-time political leaders and observers have stated.
Obama’s fingerprints can be found everywhere in the widening scandal. Text messages in September, 2016, between FBI agents/lovers Peter Strzok and Lisa Page reveal that Obama “wanted to know everything we’re doing” in the course of carrying out their make-believe investigation of Secretary of State Hillary Clinton for illegally using a private server and thus allowing “foreign actors” to access sensitive State Department info, according to two House committees and an internal FBI email.
Indeed, under Obama, in late 2015, over 5,000 Americans had their civil rights violated by illegal FISA “702” search queries, using the NSA/FBI database by “contractors” politically connected to the Democrats. It is believed one such contractor was Fusion GPS, the Democrat firm involved with facilitating the Russian dossier containing false information about Trump. When NSA director Adm. Mike Rogers discovered this illegal activity in April, 2016, he terminated contractor access to the database.
Not only is it highly likely the Obama White House knew that 5,000 Americans had their backgrounds searched illegally, but at this early point in the presidential campaign, it’s likely information was being sought on other GOP contenders, not just Trump.
More evidence of Obama’s involvement in all the corruption was the fact that he himself used a pseudonym to email Hillary on her private server. Then he later lied about it as confirmed by the IG report.
Another Strzok email to Page shows concern that some other staff member had stated “the White House is running this,” but Page assures him that “we got emails that say otherwise.”
That’s right; they were creating fake email trails to cover up Obama’s involvement. Even Obama’s Director of National Intelligence, James Clapper, admitted in a CNN interview that “It was he [Obama] who tasked us to do that intelligence community assessment in the first place,” explaining that it “set up a whole sequence of events which are still unfolding today, notably Special Counsel Mueller’s investigation.”
Moreover, according to the DOJ Inspector General report, one of Obama’s top DOJ officials phoned FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe, pressuring him to drop the FBI investigation into the Clinton Foundation. There’s no way this official would do this without approval from Obama. Such revelations, are, as author Matthew Vadum puts it, “raising the specter of a sitting president becoming involved in a plot to rig the 2016 election.”
Hillary had to be exonerated in the private email scandal and an investigation of her pay-to-play foundation had to be avoided, because Obama could not afford to have her indicted in the midst of her presidential campaign. She was essential to continuing Obama’s plan to transform America and permanently keep the Republicans out of power. The Deep State is essentially the group of conspirators Obama assembled to (a) protect Hillary from being indicted, (b) smear the GOP nominee, and (c) ensure Hillary won the presidency.
This is why, aside from Obama, as many as 13 key Obama appointees communicated with Hillary using her private email account. And no, it was not for discussing their kid’s birthday parties. Such a complex abuse of the law requires confidential messaging hidden from the public and future investigators. It is why Hillary went to such extremes to “bleach bit” her email server and to destroy her smartphones using a hammer. Indeed, according to the FBI, she used as many as 13 electronic devices but the FBI was unable to locate most of them.
Even the seven IRS employees involved with targeting conservative groups managed to destroy their emails by all claiming their computers had crashed. Right.
Obama’s goal was to weaponize his agencies so as to
create the conditions to make it impossible for any Republican to win
the presidency again. The circumstantial evidence over the last ten years strongly suggests that Obama was determined to make the 2016 election the last real free election, meaning one in which legal citizens elected the president. Based on his actions during his presidency, it is difficult to not conclude otherwise.
Indeed, Obama even did an interview with actress Gina Rodriguez in which he made clear that illegal aliens who vote won’t be investigated by his administration because the voting records are not cross-checked against the immigration databases.This is also why Obama ally and socialist billionaire George Soros funds a network of Obama-aligned groups to carry out much of the dirty work. For example, Soros funds a plethora of groups that promote open borders, attack ICE, and make it easier for illegals to avoid arrest.
These groups also fight all efforts to implement any kind of voter ID system that would make it difficult for illegals to vote. Indeed, the current DNC Chairman, Tom Perez, worked with “Casa De Maryland,” a Soros-funded group that successfully convinced the city of College Park to allow illegals to vote in local elections.
But Soros plays an even bigger role in the Obama-led resistance. The House Intelligence Committee reported that Soros and seven to ten other heavy hitters spent $50 million trying to convince people that the phony intel contained in the Dossier was authentic. Soros also funds Media Matters, a leftist group that works to convince social media companies to censor conservatives, a necessary tactic in order for Obama’s soft coup to be successful. And Google, Twitter, YouTube, Facebook appear to be dutifully following the left’s demands.
The Truth About it
The Realist Observe Archives
Plus
Cuba has two economies now: the national Communist economy for the majority; and a quasi-capitalist one for foreigners and the elite. Each has its own currency: the Communist economy uses the Cuban peso, and the capitalist bubble uses the convertible peso. Cuban pesos are worth nothing. They can’t be converted to dollars or euros. Foreigners can’t even spend them in Cuba. The convertible pesos are pegged to the U.S. dollar, but banks and hotels pay only 87 Cuban cents for each one—the government takes 13 percent off the top. The rigged exchange rate is an easy way to shake down foreigners without most noticing. It also enables the state to drain Cuban exiles. A million Cuban-Americans live in south Florida, and another half-million live elsewhere in the United States. They send hundreds of millions of dollars a year to family members still on the island. The government gets its 13 percent instantaneously and most of the remaining 87 percent later because almost every place that someone can spend the money is owned by the state.
Obama’s Strange Pattern of Concessions to Cuba’s Communists
Inspire America Foundation Reports Castro Regime Arrests former Nobel candidate and US
Twenty-four years later and Raul Castro has not yet been brought to justice
Our friends at Capitol Hill Cubans recalled what happened that awful day. This is from Senior U.S. District Judge Lawrence King in the civil lawsuit against the Castro regime and the Cuban Air Force (FAR):
“The government of Cuba, on February 24th 1996, in outrageous contempt for international law and basic human rights, murdered four human beings in international airspace over the Florida Straits. The victims were Brothers to the Rescue pilots, flying two civilian unarmed planes on a routine humanitarian mission, searching for rafters in the waters between Cuba and the Florida Keys.What was the “crime”? They were flying over international waters looking for rafters and advising the US Coast Guard. It was a humanitarian act that posed no threat to the Cuban regime.
As the civilian planes flew over international waters, a Russian built MiG 29 of the Cuban Air Force, without warning, reason, or provocation blasted the defenseless planes out of the sky with sophisticated air-to-air missiles in two separate attacks. The pilots and their aircraft disintegrated in the mid-air explosions following the impact of the missiles. The destruction was so complete that the four bodies were never recovered.””
The four victims were: Armando Alejandre Jr. (45 years old), Carlos Alberto Costa (29), Mario Manuel de la Peña (24), and Pablo Morales (29).
Three of these young men were US citizens and the 4th was a legal resident.
PS: You can listen to my show (Canto Talk) and follow me on Twitter.
https://babalublog.com/
GO TO PAGE # 22
Cuba, 60 Years On—Misery Is Communism’s Only Real Legacy
This month marks the 60th anniversary of the triumph of the Cuban Revolution. One way to measure the failure of this prolonged exercise in despotism is to look at its changing narrative.
In the beginning, the Bearded Ones vowed that Cuba would become an economic superpower. In 1961 Che Guevara promised that by 1980 (the year of the Mariel exodus of boat people) Cuba’s per capita income would overtake that of the United States.
Communism soon killed any possibility of prosperity. So the Revolution changed the narrative: Its “ultima ratio” was now the Cold War and Cuba’s role in the planetary struggle between socialism and capitalism—a way to justify Cuba becoming a Soviet colony. The rhetoric also pointed to social achievements that were largely the legacy of the pre-revolutionary years. Though underdeveloped, in the 1950s Cuba had Latin America’s third-highest per capita income, third-longest life expectancy, and lowest mortality rate.
When the Soviet Union collapsed, the narrative changed again. It was time to enlarge the already disproportionate role Cuba had played during the Cold War (sending soldiers to fight in Africa, for instance) by turning it into a world bastion of socialism after Moscow’s “treason.”
Since the end of the Soviet subsidy—several billion dollars a year—had uncovered the truth about Cuba’s miserable economy, Fidel Castro also developed a narrative based on a heroic “special period” in which Cubans would re-enact the resistance of Thermopylae against the Persians. Anything that could generate some foreign exchange and social peace was rhetorically justified—even the emergence of a few small private businesses, the arrival of foreign capital in partnership with the Cuban state, tourism (until then symbolic of the ancient regime’s subservience to the United States), and prostitution.
Cuba: Subsidized Communism
Then came Hugo Chavez’s oil subsidy. The heroic narrative focused on the domestic front went by the wayside. It was time to talk about world revolution. Cuba’s dependence on Venezuela was concealed under rhetoric that depicted Castro as the inspiration of Venezuela’s 21st-century Socialism. The new planetary struggle justified Cuba being close to Islamic fundamentalist theocrats (Iran), state-capitalist nationalists (China), and others.Venezuela’s subsidy provided an opportunity for Cuba to export “professional services,” sending thousands of doctors, nurses, and teachers overseas in exchange for dollars. This was close to slavery since the host country would pay the salaries to the Cuban government in dollars and the Castro regime would pay the doctors and teachers a tiny fraction of the money ... in Cuban pesos! The professionals were not allowed to take their families with them lest they defect. Under the new narrative, this cruel exploitation was a service to humanity.
When Fidel Castro fell ill in 2006 the narrative evolved. His brother Raul, a China admirer, could not steer too far away from Fidel’s legacy but allowed more Cubans to engage in small, closely controlled entrepreneurial activities and invited new foreign capital to partner with the state.
Still A Police State
The narrative then pushed the fight against bureaucracy and corruption (a Castro legacy!) and the need to prolong the Revolution by promoting a new generation—hence the appointment of Miguel Diaz-Canel as “president,” with Raul in control as first secretary of the Communist Party and chief of the armed forces (which control all sizable capitalist ventures). The new constitution dropped the word “communism” but retained the one-party state.As the Venezuelan subsidy dwindled due to Chavismo’s catastrophe, Castro expanded the limited reforms with a narrative based on modernization.
Today the Revolution continues to be a police state that brutally represses any form of dissidence, and its reforms have yielded nothing but failure. As the well-respected economist Carmelo Mesa-Lago has shown, the private sector represents no more than 7% of GDP. The country is severely undercapitalized (gross capital formation is one half of Latin America’s average); and agricultural and industrial production has shrunk in the last decade. The island’s largest source of foreign exchange continues to be the export of professional services, that grotesque euphemism.
Sixty years on, Cuba has nothing but misery to show for itself—and an extraordinary ability to delude itself and many others.
Alvaro Vargas Llosa is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute.
Life In Communist Cuba Is Nothing Like What Most Americans Have Heard
Communists took another beautiful, prosperous
country and ran it to the ground. President Trump should force Cuba’s
sickening human rights violations into the open.
There is some talk going around that President Trump is planning to
roll back former President Obama’s policies towards Cuba. If so, he will
hopefully insist on human rights, particularly for the political prisoners and dissidents like the Ladies in White and Yoani Sanchez.
I was ten when my parents put me on a plane bound for Miami. Before passengers left the airport in Havana, the Communists would strip each of all valuables. Children were not exempt. When they saw I had an American quarter, they pounced on it. Let me tell you, no one’s greedier than a Communist.
In 1959 when dictator Fulgencio Batista left the island, the country was happy. People thought life would improve. Instead, within a year, life began to get worse. Suddenly, food became scarce—in Cuba, of all places! And not just food, everything: shoes, toothpaste, books, deodorant, cars, gasoline, furniture, comic books, toys, nails, pencils, hammers. Store shelves were empty. People had to form long lines when a store got a shipment. To make things worse, there were always the stooges in line who would start pro-government chants, which everybody was expected to join.
The Soviet Union would send stuff over, like cans of food teeming with deadly botulism. People learned to avoid Soviet food unless they had a death wish. They also sent Soviet films, which were so bad, so plotless, so mind-numbing, that they would empty movie theaters. Even the mice would scurry away.
The schools added a new innovation to education: brainwashing. The new regime wasn’t just praised by the teachers and the textbooks. Children were encouraged to spy on and denounce their parents to their teacher if they overheard a wrong comment. The teacher would then pass on the information to the newly created secret police.
Children were told to close their eyes and ask God for a toy, then open their eyes. Nothing. Then they were told to close their eyes ask Fidel Castro for a toy. A toy would be put on their desks and they were told to open their eyes. Christmas was abolished.
Cubans began to learn the literal meaning of totalitarianism. The regime’s grip was on every facet of society: politics, literature, art, economy, entertainment, food, social affairs. It was total. By contrast, in the run-of-the-mill dictatorship, if you did not mess with the government, the government did not mess with you. In fact, if you were oblivious to politics, you did not even know it was there, but with totalitarianism, there was no escape, no privacy. The regime wanted your labor, your money, your children, your soul.
I’ve met quite a few of them over the years. Most Americans don’t like to think that there are Americans who are Communists—only foreigners should be Communists. Even Americans who are Communists get offended at being called Communists. Whenever they would find out I’m from Cuba they would grin and say they admired Fidel Castro or Che Guevara, expecting me to join in. They would always get upset if I told them what life was like under the dictatorship. They didn’t want to hear anything I had to say.
The important fact for them was that Castro and Che hated America. Soon they began to develop a racist hatred for Cuban-Americans, which spread to many in the media to the point that Pat Oliphant of The Washington Post once floated the idea that American citizens of Cuban background should not be allowed to vote in national elections. I never heard any liberals being outraged by that.
No sooner had the guns gone silent in Cuba did Hollywood began to crank out pro-Castro and anti-exile movies: “Cuban Rebel Girls,” “Cuba,” “Havana,” “Scarface,” “Creature from the Haunted Sea,” “The Godfather 2,” “The Motorcycle Diaries,” “Che,” “Che,” and still more “Che.” And since history is for leftists not a scholarly subject but an instrument of power to manipulate and mold, historical facts were distorted. In one film, Batista, who was a black man, was actually portrayed as a white blonde. (Incidentally, Allan Ryskind’s “Hollywood Traitors” is a truly priceless, highly detailed, book on Communists in the film industry.)
Anyway, Castro finally kicked the bucket and was cremated. I hope they sealed the lid on the container real good and sent it to the bottom of the ocean, to make sure he doesn’t come back from the dead, like one of those demons you hear about. However, the geriatric leadership continues with Raul Castro and his cohorts.
But to return to the possible rollover in policy, don’t forget an important aspect. The Communist regime is bankrupt. It took a beautiful, prosperous country and, as with every country Communists control, ran it to the ground. Through the years, the government has taken out loans and in every case has defaulted. The regime wants to take out additional loans in the United States with which to buy food, weapons, etc. Then they can default again, and since the American banks will get stiffed, that will be frosting on the cake. I hope President Trump nixes this little ploy.
I was ten when my parents put me on a plane bound for Miami. Before passengers left the airport in Havana, the Communists would strip each of all valuables. Children were not exempt. When they saw I had an American quarter, they pounced on it. Let me tell you, no one’s greedier than a Communist.
In 1959 when dictator Fulgencio Batista left the island, the country was happy. People thought life would improve. Instead, within a year, life began to get worse. Suddenly, food became scarce—in Cuba, of all places! And not just food, everything: shoes, toothpaste, books, deodorant, cars, gasoline, furniture, comic books, toys, nails, pencils, hammers. Store shelves were empty. People had to form long lines when a store got a shipment. To make things worse, there were always the stooges in line who would start pro-government chants, which everybody was expected to join.
The Soviet Union would send stuff over, like cans of food teeming with deadly botulism. People learned to avoid Soviet food unless they had a death wish. They also sent Soviet films, which were so bad, so plotless, so mind-numbing, that they would empty movie theaters. Even the mice would scurry away.
The Terrors Were Mental as Well as Physical
And there was the persecution, the paranoia. In every street block there was one official informer who would stick his nose into everyone’s business, especially having an ear out for any comments the regime might disapprove.The schools added a new innovation to education: brainwashing. The new regime wasn’t just praised by the teachers and the textbooks. Children were encouraged to spy on and denounce their parents to their teacher if they overheard a wrong comment. The teacher would then pass on the information to the newly created secret police.
Children were told to close their eyes and ask God for a toy, then open their eyes. Nothing. Then they were told to close their eyes ask Fidel Castro for a toy. A toy would be put on their desks and they were told to open their eyes. Christmas was abolished.
Cubans began to learn the literal meaning of totalitarianism. The regime’s grip was on every facet of society: politics, literature, art, economy, entertainment, food, social affairs. It was total. By contrast, in the run-of-the-mill dictatorship, if you did not mess with the government, the government did not mess with you. In fact, if you were oblivious to politics, you did not even know it was there, but with totalitarianism, there was no escape, no privacy. The regime wanted your labor, your money, your children, your soul.
Then I Found the Communists Inside My Refuge
Since Cuba was following the script that always happens when Communists take over a country, the next phase was the mass exodus of people, beginning in 1961. In the long run around 20 percent of the population fled the prison island, half going to Florida. There is no telling how many ended up at the bottom of the sea, courtesy of storms, sharks, and machine guns on patrol boats. But when Cubans arrived in Florida, Mexico, Spain, or Costa Rica, thinking that we left the Communists behind, lo and behold, we had to deal with a new set of Communists.I’ve met quite a few of them over the years. Most Americans don’t like to think that there are Americans who are Communists—only foreigners should be Communists. Even Americans who are Communists get offended at being called Communists. Whenever they would find out I’m from Cuba they would grin and say they admired Fidel Castro or Che Guevara, expecting me to join in. They would always get upset if I told them what life was like under the dictatorship. They didn’t want to hear anything I had to say.
The important fact for them was that Castro and Che hated America. Soon they began to develop a racist hatred for Cuban-Americans, which spread to many in the media to the point that Pat Oliphant of The Washington Post once floated the idea that American citizens of Cuban background should not be allowed to vote in national elections. I never heard any liberals being outraged by that.
No sooner had the guns gone silent in Cuba did Hollywood began to crank out pro-Castro and anti-exile movies: “Cuban Rebel Girls,” “Cuba,” “Havana,” “Scarface,” “Creature from the Haunted Sea,” “The Godfather 2,” “The Motorcycle Diaries,” “Che,” “Che,” and still more “Che.” And since history is for leftists not a scholarly subject but an instrument of power to manipulate and mold, historical facts were distorted. In one film, Batista, who was a black man, was actually portrayed as a white blonde. (Incidentally, Allan Ryskind’s “Hollywood Traitors” is a truly priceless, highly detailed, book on Communists in the film industry.)
Don’t Give Those Murderous Communists a Thing
When the old, psychotic dictator finally died, I kept hearing in the news and on YouTube about all the good things about him, like he was the George Washington of Cuba, and supposedly invented athletics, and Cuba’s health care system is the best in the world. It didn’t help my cousin, who died from beriberi due to malnutrition, since the health system is reserved for Communist Party members and foreigners who will spread good news about the revolution through films like “Sicko.” Also, other countries, from Costa Rica to Switzerland, have good health care and athletics, and they did not see the need to impose dictatorship, censorship, secret police, or starvation.Anyway, Castro finally kicked the bucket and was cremated. I hope they sealed the lid on the container real good and sent it to the bottom of the ocean, to make sure he doesn’t come back from the dead, like one of those demons you hear about. However, the geriatric leadership continues with Raul Castro and his cohorts.
But to return to the possible rollover in policy, don’t forget an important aspect. The Communist regime is bankrupt. It took a beautiful, prosperous country and, as with every country Communists control, ran it to the ground. Through the years, the government has taken out loans and in every case has defaulted. The regime wants to take out additional loans in the United States with which to buy food, weapons, etc. Then they can default again, and since the American banks will get stiffed, that will be frosting on the cake. I hope President Trump nixes this little ploy.
Armando Simón is the author of "A Cuban from Kansas," and, "The Only Red Star I Liked Was a Starfish."
Reactions to Trump’s policy on Cuba
Ted Piccone, Carlos Alzugaray Treto, Roberto Veiga González, Richard E. Feinberg, Harold Cárdenas Lema, and Ricardo Torres Pérez
Ted Piccone: U.S. policy toward Cuba has long been a
combination of grand gestures and small technicalities. Ever since
Washington imposed a comprehensive embargo in 1962, which Congress
codified in 1996 (with some exceptions), the regulatory details of what
is and is not permissible have consumed endless hours of labor for
lawyers and travelers alike. President Obama’s decision to relax the
embargo where possible eased some of those regulatory burdens, opening
the door to a raft of new bilateral agreements, exchanges and business
deals.
FROM PAGE # 18
This is also why the Obama White House hacked the computers of journalists to make sure they were toeing the party line. Just ask former CBS reporter Sharyl Attkisson.
We must also remember that Obama and his leftist allies have for years been quietly pushing for the registration of illegal aliens. Remember ACORN? That’s what they were all about, but after the headlines detailing ACORN’s shady voter registration practices died down, the Obama Administration created a federal project that did much of the same thing. Titled the White House Task Force on New Americans, it was headed by illegal alien advocate and former VP of the National Council for La Raza, Cecilia Munoz, and was created to introduce “immigrants and refugees… to both the rights and responsibilities, as well as benefits of citizenship.” And no, there’s little evidence its voter registration efforts distinguished between those here legally and those who were not.
Munoz’s former group, the National Council of La Raza, received millions of dollars from Obama’s DOJ, money that Obama’s leftist lawyers shook down from bank settlements and used to create a shady “slush fund” which bypassed budgetary regulations and funded the open borders crowd.
We also now know, thanks to four different studies, that between 2.2 and 5.7 million illegal aliens have voted in the last few presidential elections.
The best guess is that at least three million illegal aliens voted in 2016, enough to give Hillary the popular vote but not quite enough to win some of the key rustbelt states won by Trump. This is why liberal state legislators all over the nation have pushed legislation granting illegals driver licenses. So far, 12 states have passed such laws.
The left knows full well that holding a driver’s license gives illegal aliens the confidence to also register to vote, not to mention many states have “motor voter” laws in which the DMV automatically registers to vote anyone granted a driver’s license. In California alone, the DMV has reported that one million “undocumented” immigrants have received driver licenses over the last three years. Unless they refused to register to vote, those non-citizens can now vote. Remember, in California, as in most states today, no one asks for proof of citizenship in order to register to vote.
The illegal alien vote is the Democrats secret voting bloc and it’s growing. This is why Obama’s Attorney General, Eric Holder, threw the full weight of the DOJ at every state that even thought about implementing a voter ID program of any kind.
It is not an accident that we are the only major country in the world that allows people to register and to vote without having to show any ID whatsoever. Clearly, the Obama administration took great pains to ensure that illegal aliens would not encounter any problems registering or voting. But we should not forget about the effort to also register felons. It is not a coincidence that during the Obama years, liberal legislators in a number of states were suddenly granting voting rights to felons.
Then, of course, there was the effort to suppress the military vote. Hundreds of thousands of military votes were not counted in the past because the absentee voter applications arrived too late from overseas military bases. We know that in 2010, only 5% of the military vote was counted. But federal legislation was passed called the Military and Voter Empowerment Act (MOVE) that required states to engage in additional actions to make it easier for military personnel to vote, such as collecting military absentee ballots at least 45 days before an election. However, the Obama Administration failed to give the agency tasked with implementing this program adequate funding to have much impact and even granted waivers to a number of states, thus allowing them to continue what they were previously doing: throwing late military absentee voter applications in the trash.
As Investor’s Business Daily wrote in 2012:
Are you getting the picture yet? It’s a nifty formula: Register illegals and felons to vote but suppress the votes of conservatives and those who serve our country. Add up all these actions and it’s difficult to not conclude Obama and his leftist allies in various states were engaged in a massive conspiracy to use the power of federal and state governments to influence the electoral process. And much of this occurred before Obama knew Trump would be the GOP nominee.
But something happened on the way to socialist utopia. Trump won. That was not supposed to happen.
To be blunt, the plan was for Hillary to win and continue the destruction of the American system of limited government, the rule of law, and the free enterprise system. A Hillary victory would have continued Obama’s agenda of open borders, government control of many industries, a cradle to grave welfare system, and emaciated military and socialist policies that would continue economic stagnation. Future elections would appear to be legit but they wouldn’t be.
Under a Clinton presidency, she would continue the Obama immigration policies, thereby allowing a few million more illegals to enter the country and would also massively increase Third World refugees who vote heavily Democratic. Indeed, in 2016 she announced that as president she would increase Syrian refuges alone by 550%. Add to this the aggressive federal/state/private voter registration programs targeting these groups and the result would be a boost of Democrat vote numbers probably large enough to keep winning the White House on a perpetual basis, essentially invalidating the will of the legal majority.
Elections would just be a formality to make the masses feel like they still lived in a free country, but the only free elections would be between Democrats in their own primary. The result would be the transformation of America to a full blown socialist country within a decade. Just as Obama had promised.
Nor should there be any doubt about Obama’s socialist vision for America. This is important because his ideology explains why he is leading the resistance: socialists believe in the Marxist theory that capitalism cannot coexist with socialism, hence they are obligated to destroy the free enterprise system and all the cultural traditions that go along with it. It was not a coincidence that the attacks on traditional marriage, the undermining of religious freedom, the promotion of transgendered “rights,” and other issues challenging traditional mores came to a fore during the Obama years. Obama and the progressives seek to undermine America’s cultural traditions because they are linked to America’s Christian and capitalist heritage. Their socialist ideology explains the chaos we find everywhere we look today. Historically, socialists detest free speech, free press, freedom of religion, and other constitutional rights we all take for granted. Just walk down any big city street with a Trump hat on and you will witness the attacks for yourself. Start getting used to it.
However, Americans were so propagandized by the media concerning Obama’s “mainstream Democrat” background that very few know the real truth about who he really is. But the evidence of Obama’s socialist background is overwhelming.
Researchers have dug up quite a bit about him since he burst onto the national political scene over a decade ago. Four books in particular have ripped off the propaganda cover: Aaron Klein’s The Manchurian President: Barack Obama’s Ties to Communists, Socialists and other Anti-American Extremists; Paul Kengor’s The Communist: Frank Marshall Davis, the Untold Story of Barack Obama’s Mentor; Trevor Loudon’s Barack Obama and the Enemies Within, and lastly, Stanley Kurtz’s excellent Radical-In-Chief: Barack Obama and the Untold Story of American Socialism. These authors have exhaustedly documented Obama’s involvement with numerous groups dominated by communists and socialists.
Indeed, Obama launched his political career at the house of former Weatherman terrorist Bill Ayers, who calls himself a “small c communist.” Obama’s mentor at Harvard was Charles Ogletree, a radical Marxist professor, former Black Panther, and leader of the nutty “reparations” movement.
We now know his father was a socialist economist and that his boyhood mentor was Frank Marshall Davis, a card-carrying Communist Party member who, according to his FBI file, was engaged in espionage. Davis even appears on the FBI’s Cold War era “watch list” of people to be rounded up should the Soviets launch a war against the USA.
We also know that Obama spoke at the funeral of leading Marxist theoretician Saul Mendelson. We know that in the 1996 he actually joined the New Party, a Marxist party in Illinois. And we know the Communist Party itself lavished praise on Obama, boasting of how they “actively supported Obama during the primary election.” Upon Obama’s 2008 victory, Sam Webb, the president of the U.S. Communist Party, announced we “now have a friend, a people’s advocate and the first African American in the White House.”
Former Communist activist John Drew attended Occidental with Obama and says not only that Obama was a well-known “Marxist-Leninist” on campus but that he actually said “There’s going to be a revolution” in the USA. And there has been of sorts.
One cannot dig into Obama’s background without stumbling into Communists and other assorted socialist revolutionaries everywhere one looks. And much of the media knew this when Obama ran for the presidency in 2008 but decided Americans didn’t need to know. But they covered every mistake and every shady relationship that Donald Trump ever had. Nor is there any evidence Obama ever modified his views. His background and his legislative legacy demonstrates contempt for America; its history, culture, constitution, and political system. All of this is consistent with Obama’s Marxist worldview that he took great pains to disguise. As Stanley Kurtz wrote, “Obama has made concerted efforts to hide his socialist convictions from the voters who put him into office.”
In Obama’s mind, his election was only the first step in the transformation of America. When Trump interrupted Obama’s plans by defeating Clinton, Obama was forced to dedicate himself to managing the resistance to Trump with the goal of removing or defeating Trump in order to revive his plan of moving America toward socialism. That is why Obama, his wife Michelle, and his top advisor, Valerie Jarrett moved into a home just two miles from the White House. The home, as reported by the Daily Mail, is the “nerve center of the mounting insurgency against his successor….” This is also why Obama has been busy meeting with numerous 2020 White House contenders at his office in the World Wildlife Fund building in Washington, D.C.
GO TO PAGE # 28
While the common view in the West is that most Europeans who lived under Communism were happy to trade state-run economies for free-market capitalism, it turns out that their Marxist indoctrination may have more staying power than previously thought. In Goodbye Lenin (or Not?): The Effects of Communism on People's Preference (NBER Working Paper No. 11700), co-authors Alberto Alesina and Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln find that after being reunited with West Germany, most East Germans have retained a decidedly Communist view of what the government should do in terms of providing a social safety net and redistributing wealth from rich to poor. The authors conclude that the exposure to Communism has made East Germans "much more pro-state than West Germans."
"This effect could arise due to indoctrination (such as teaching the virtues of Communism in the schools) or simply due to becoming used to an intrusive public sector," they write. "A second, indirect effect of Communism is that by making former East Germany poorer than West Germany, it has made the former more dependent on redistribution and therefore more favorable to it."
Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln see Germany as an ideal laboratory for studying the lingering influence of Communism on a society because, prior to its partition in 1945, East and West Germans were, culturally and economically, almost indistinguishable. Therefore, one can attribute differences in contemporary attitudes to the different systems they lived under until unification in 1990.
The authors observe that after 45 years of living under Communism, one could think of "two possible" outcomes. Given the contrast between their stagnation and the West's prosperity, East Germans could have a strong reaction against state intervention and eagerly embrace free-markets. Alternatively, it could be that more than four decades of "heavy state intervention and indoctrination instill in people the view that the state is essential to individual well being."
Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln examined comprehensive, contemporary surveys of East and West German residents regarding their views on who should be most responsible for ensuring individual financial security, the state or the private sector. What they discovered is that most East Germans continue to hold the Communist view of the state as the central actor.
"In fact, we find that the effects of Communism are large and long lasting," they write. "It will take one to two generations for former East and West Germans to look alike in terms of preferences and attitudes about fundamental questions regarding the role of the government in society." In that sense, they view West Germany as having received a major "political shock" when it was re-united with East Germany since, almost overnight, the portion of the German population favoring state intervention grew significantly.
And, the citizens' preferences appear to go beyond self-serving beliefs. For example, Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln find that some of the difference in opinions -- about a third -- "can be explained by the fact that the East became poorer during Communism and is now a net beneficiary of (state directed) redistribution within Germany, rather than to an effect of Communism on preferences." But, they also find that East Germans are simply much more likely than West Germans to conclude that, "social conditions, rather than individual effort and initiative, determine individual fortunes."
"This belief is of course a basic tenet of Communist ideology," they write. But Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln find that while Communist attitudes may still linger, they are waning and eventually -- though it may take 20 or 40 years -- the two sides will converge. For example, between 1998 and 2002, the share of East German votes captured by Germany's most leftist party, the PDS, shrunk substantially, "indicating a movement away from the Communist-leaning left toward the center of the political spectrum.
FROM PAGE # 15
As I’ve previously written for The American Spectator, when Republicans violate the law, the Dems waste no time indicting, convicting, and sending Republicans to prison. Between Watergate and Contra-gate, Democrats charged 83 Republicans with criminal conduct and many went to prison. So far, Republicans have not held even one Democrat accountable for crimes committed that are arguably far more damaging to our democratic process than these two Republican scandals.
Instead, incredible as it may seem, the party involved with abusing federal power to interfere with a presidential election is using the authority of the Special Council office to investigate Republicans on a phony Russian collusion case. Hard to believe.
“Operation Hurricane,” as the FBI called its illegal anti-Trump effort, is unprecedented in scope in U.S. history, yet Nunes has received only lukewarm support from the GOP establishment. Moreover, the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) headed by establishment Senator Richard Burr (NC), issues reports and makes statements that consistently undermine Nunes’s work. Burr actually defended the corrupt FISA application that, we now know, was based solely on the fabricated, DNC-funded dossier. Indeed, SSCI is notorious for leaking classified info to the press.
Aside from Senator Chuck Grassley and a few other Senators, many Republican senators seem to take their lead from the Democrats rather than from the House Intelligence Committee, which has spent far more time and resources investigating Operation Hurricane than any other committee.
Nor has the White House been helpful. For months now, the FBI, DOJ, CIA, and other agencies have dragged their feet on releasing documents requested by congressional house investigators. The DOJ has yet to release the full June, 2017 FISA warrant application without redactions, a document that would likely challenge the entire Russian collusion narrative. With one phone call, the Trump White House can order these agencies to comply immediately, but Trump’s attorneys apparently are resisting this. They should re-think. It is pathetic that a private group, Judicial Watch, using the Freedom of Information Act, has been able to secure far more documents than have the Republican-controlled oversight committees. How can this be?
If the GOP cannot unify to pursue a scandal this deep-rooted and consequential, then they don’t deserve to win in 2020 and will not likely survive as a viable party. It’s as if the Republican establishment wants the Deep State to prevail, Trump to be removed, and America returned to the socialist path it was on under Obama. Are they really that naïve that they don’t understand that once we go down that road, it’s unlikely the damage can be undone?
The progressive strategy to take down America has been in place for years but the lackadaisical attitude of the Republicans could determine if Trump’s counter-attacks are for the long term or are temporary. Aside from continuing to expose Obama’s plot to sabotage Trump’s election, the GOP needs to step up its game in many areas. For example, they need to launch a nationwide effort to coordinate the passage of voter ID laws in every state possible and Trump should order the DOJ to assist with the drafting of such laws.
The DOJ should also open up an investigation into how state DMV’s are automatically signing up illegals to vote who possess driver licenses; they should investigate the status of our military vote and make sure our fighting men and women are not being disenfranchised, and, lastly, they should investigate the slew of Soros-funded groups suspected of registering illegal aliens. After all, our democracy is being threatened by millions of non-citizens voting thereby compromising the integrity of our democratic system. Is this not precisely the kind of national conspiracy the DOJ should be investigating?
Moreover, AG Jeff Sessions needs to take back control of his agency. It is alarming that he appears to be not involved in any DOJ investigations concerning anything remotely related to Russia or Hillary, because he was advised to recuse himself by career DOJ attorney Scott Schools, even though the legal case for Session’s recusal was non-existent. Not surprisingly, Schools was hired by Obama official Sally Yates who was fired by Trump for refusing to support his travel ban. Sessions needs to reverse this silly recusal, hire new staff who are actually loyal to him, and get back on top of investigating the biggest political scandal in American history.
This is do or die time. Failure to act now by the GOP will cost the country dearly. Obama and his progressive allies have an aggressive multi-prong plan to survive congressional investigations, win back the White House in 2020, and resume their effort to take America down the socialist path. This is war, and the Democrats know it, but it’s not clear the Republican leadership understands this moment in history.
So, did Trump save America from socialism as D’Souza claims in Death of a Nation? I would argue that yes, he did, but if more Americans don’t realize what’s at stake here and wake up, Trump’s election will be only a temporary respite from the left’s efforts to turn America into a Third World style socialist “paradise.” For starters, every American patriot can help fight the progressives by taking a friend who is “apolitical” or “undecided” to watch Death of a Nation. This film will open their eyes.
Commentary regarding the Cuban version of communism
usually concedes the fact of rigid one-party political control and a
limited national economy. Such assessment, however, is almost invariably
balanced by praise of social improvements accomplished since the ouster
of the dictator Batista in 1959.
Cited most often are more equitable distribution of adequate housing, medical care, and education, as well as national income. Indeed, social advancements of this sort are presented to other third-world countries as inducements to adopt the Cuban model as a superior way to improve the lot of the masses. Even most critics in the United States concede these gains. In fact, a common concern in the US is that popular movements elsewhere will view similar one-party governments as the most effective means to achieve rapid social advancement.
Because this image of Cuba is so widely accepted it is interesting to note that alleged superior social conditions there are not substantiated by published data. Information compiled by the Population Reference Bureau of Washington, D.C. confirms, for example, that conditions of life in Haiti are the worst in the Western Hemisphere and among the poorest in the World. What seems especially striking, however, is that there is no evidence that social conditions in Cuba are particularly better than those on most neighboring islands.
The only categories in which Cuba ranks highest in the region is the percent of urban population and the ratio of students per teacher. Because political indoctrination is a normal part of schooling in Cuba, even this advantage may not be as great as it appears.
Perhaps most surprising are statistics related to secondary education. The sources suggest that only about two-thirds of Cuban teen-ages were enrolled in school in 1975. If true, the achievements of Castro's regime have been substantially less impressive than its admirers have claimed, considering that a secondary education was firmly established before the revolution.
One would expect, for example, that the small French departments of Martinique and Guadeloupe as well as the US Commonwealth of Puerto Rico would rank high in this regard. But evidence that independent states such as Trinidad-Tobago and Jamaica have done as well or better raises questions about the social advantages of the Cuban system.
Efforts by Cuban apologists to compare educational achievements now with conditions before the 1959 revolution rather than with those in neighboring countries likewise are not wholly convincing. Precise information is lacking in several categories but published data show that in 1953 the Cuban population 10 years or older was 76 percent literate. Educational opportunities definitely have widened over the past 20 years, but revolutionary Cuba was hardly the land of mass ignorance it has been pictured.
Or take the category of "physical quality of life," developed by the Overseas Development Council in response to a need for a non- income measure to summarize many aspects of human well-being. It combines three indicators -- infant mortality, life expectancy from age one, and literacy -- into a single composite index. The index runs from zero to 100, and 100 as the highest level. Cuba ranks well on this measure, but no better or not as well as four other Caribbean political entities and only slightly better than four others. Certainly its record does not deserve special commendation, especially when official statistics report an actual rise in infant mortality since the mid-1950s.
The question of comparative per capita gross national product is not easy to interpret. Contrasts are particularly difficult when communist and non communist economies are involved. Communist governments, for example, normally report the value of goods but not services. Adjustments to achieve a common index seldom are wholly satisfactory. It is true that elimination under socialism of private capital accumulation causes the per capita figure to more nearly reflect actual personal income than is true in places where wide disparities in wealth exist.
But even with this proviso, the economic status of Cuba in 1978 was mediocre at best in comparison with most of its neighbors. Prior to 1959, sources ranked Cuba anywhere from first to fourth in Latin America in this category.
Also of note is the fact that the income level of agricultural workers is fixed at less than a fifth that of managers. General wage increases in July 1980 even increased the differential slightly. Thus a class structure with uneven rewards is institutionalized under the rule of Marxist government.
These data do support the assumption that under Fidel Castro the Cuban people have benefited outstandingly from improvements in general social welfare. The question arises, however, whether they would not have done was well or better under a less repressive political system. Other nearby former colonies have comparable social indicators without loss of individual freedoms.
Within the Caribbean only Cuba and Haiti, and more recently Grenada, are dictatorships. Leaders who won contested elections are in power everywhere else. Considering the evidence from published social indicators it seems as if Cubans have paid a high price in political freedom for a quality of life no better than that of many of their neighbors.
Fact 1
According to the "Black Book of Communism" about 100 million people in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America died under the communist repressions. Most of them disappeared in unmarked graves, and their recollection, to say nothing of their remembrance, was prohibited during the reign of communist regimes.
The killing fields of Cambodia
Communist regimes started imprisoning and destroying their political enemies immediately after seizing power. The communist secret police, known as the Cheka, was founded in Russia in December of 1917. In July of 1918, Tsar Nikolai II, who had abdicated the throne a year before then, was murdered together with his family, and the highest leadership of Soviet Russia was aware of this. Both red and white terror held sway during the years of the Russian civil war and millions of people were killed. The collectivisation of agriculture that began in 1929, and the deportations and famine that accompanied it, exacted millions of victims.
President Trump’s announced “cancellation” of Obama’s approach to
Cuba emphasizes enforcement of the embargo itself, particularly the ban
on tourist travel and on financial transactions with Cuban enterprises
controlled by the military and security services and with a broader
class of Cuban government officials. The administration is now turning
to revising the regulations yet again to reflect these changes.
The following commentaries by experts in Cuba and the United States raise a number of points that the regulators will want to take into account as they go about their work over the next 90 days. As the saying goes, the devil is in the details.
Ted Piccone—Senior Fellow, Latin America Initiative, Project on International Order and Strategy: President Trump’s symbolic act of reclaiming Cuba policy on behalf of his die-hard anti-Castro fans proves yet again that U.S. policy towards Cuba is determined almost exclusively by domestic politics in swing state Florida. Surrounded by Senator Marco Rubio and other luminaries of the pro-embargo Cuban exile establishment, Trump extolled their sacrifices on behalf of a free Cuba in a Miami pep rally that was pure retail politics.
He did so, however, not by trying to paint Cuba as a national security threat to the United States, as others have done in the past. Instead he went full throttle for the fundamental bargain Congress adopted when it codified the embargo in 1996: abandon communism and give your people their inalienable political and civil rights to choose who governs them, then we will lift the embargo.
The United States treats no other government in the world this way. What makes Cuba different from countries such as North Korea, Saudi Arabia, or Iran, where systemic human rights violations prevail? These states all pose major security challenges to the United States in a way that Cuba has not since the wave of democracy spread across Latin America in the 1980s and the Soviet Union collapsed. Yet these repressive states do not face the comprehensive decades-long blanket of sanctions that Cuba has endured since 1962. And Trump (and Secretary of State Tillerson) has made clear he has no real interest in defending human rights. In some sense, Cuba policy is caught in a time warp between the old ways of ostracizing a state Washington dislikes by unilaterally punishing its entire population, and newer tactics such as targeted multilateral sanctions that have yielded some progress in places like Myanmar and Iran.
What really makes Cuba exceptional is that it faces an organized, well-financed political machine of angry exiles in vote-rich Florida that extracts certain demands from political leaders for its votes. Though majorities of Cuban-Americans, in addition to both Republicans and Democrats, support President Obama’s reopening of diplomatic relations with Havana, Trump’s conviction that he won Florida thanks to his deal with Rubio and the hardliners is driving Cuba policy for everyone. No other faction so exclusively focused on one foreign country has such concentrated political influence on foreign policy, except perhaps for pro-Israel voters who, nonetheless, are more electorally dispersed. The majority who want to support the Cuban people through principled engagement and dialogue don’t seem to count.
As satisfying as Trump’s largely symbolic reversal of Obama’s more constructive approach may feel to Miami, a return to the past is unlikely to achieve its aims of overthrowing the Castros and empowering the Cuban people to finally claim the human rights they deserve. In fact, a hard-line approach from Washington/Miami is more likely to embolden the hardliners in Havana and make life more difficult for the civil society leaders, religious groups and private entrepreneurs it purportedly wants to help. The Cuban government’s initial reply to Trump’s show in Little Havana made very clear that it will not make any concessions regarding its socialist system of government. The 55-year stalemate lives on.
The following commentaries by experts in Cuba and the United States raise a number of points that the regulators will want to take into account as they go about their work over the next 90 days. As the saying goes, the devil is in the details.
Ted Piccone—Senior Fellow, Latin America Initiative, Project on International Order and Strategy: President Trump’s symbolic act of reclaiming Cuba policy on behalf of his die-hard anti-Castro fans proves yet again that U.S. policy towards Cuba is determined almost exclusively by domestic politics in swing state Florida. Surrounded by Senator Marco Rubio and other luminaries of the pro-embargo Cuban exile establishment, Trump extolled their sacrifices on behalf of a free Cuba in a Miami pep rally that was pure retail politics.
He did so, however, not by trying to paint Cuba as a national security threat to the United States, as others have done in the past. Instead he went full throttle for the fundamental bargain Congress adopted when it codified the embargo in 1996: abandon communism and give your people their inalienable political and civil rights to choose who governs them, then we will lift the embargo.
The United States treats no other government in the world this way. What makes Cuba different from countries such as North Korea, Saudi Arabia, or Iran, where systemic human rights violations prevail? These states all pose major security challenges to the United States in a way that Cuba has not since the wave of democracy spread across Latin America in the 1980s and the Soviet Union collapsed. Yet these repressive states do not face the comprehensive decades-long blanket of sanctions that Cuba has endured since 1962. And Trump (and Secretary of State Tillerson) has made clear he has no real interest in defending human rights. In some sense, Cuba policy is caught in a time warp between the old ways of ostracizing a state Washington dislikes by unilaterally punishing its entire population, and newer tactics such as targeted multilateral sanctions that have yielded some progress in places like Myanmar and Iran.
What really makes Cuba exceptional is that it faces an organized, well-financed political machine of angry exiles in vote-rich Florida that extracts certain demands from political leaders for its votes. Though majorities of Cuban-Americans, in addition to both Republicans and Democrats, support President Obama’s reopening of diplomatic relations with Havana, Trump’s conviction that he won Florida thanks to his deal with Rubio and the hardliners is driving Cuba policy for everyone. No other faction so exclusively focused on one foreign country has such concentrated political influence on foreign policy, except perhaps for pro-Israel voters who, nonetheless, are more electorally dispersed. The majority who want to support the Cuban people through principled engagement and dialogue don’t seem to count.
As satisfying as Trump’s largely symbolic reversal of Obama’s more constructive approach may feel to Miami, a return to the past is unlikely to achieve its aims of overthrowing the Castros and empowering the Cuban people to finally claim the human rights they deserve. In fact, a hard-line approach from Washington/Miami is more likely to embolden the hardliners in Havana and make life more difficult for the civil society leaders, religious groups and private entrepreneurs it purportedly wants to help. The Cuban government’s initial reply to Trump’s show in Little Havana made very clear that it will not make any concessions regarding its socialist system of government. The 55-year stalemate lives on.
FROM PAGE # 18
Did Trump Really Save America From Socialism?
This is why evidence has surfaced showing that Obama’s DOJ worked with IRS officials to target Tea Party/conservative groups for the purpose of scaring them away from engaging in legal issue advocacy during the 2012 election. Indeed, the White House met 31 times during this time period with Nikole Flax, former Chief of Staff to IRS commissioner Steven Miller. Even the FBI assisted the IRS in this illegal activity, which would not have occurred without White House direction. Had this abuse not been exposed, the IRS would likely have continued its harassment all the way up until the last election. It was all about silencing the growing Tea Party moment in order to help Obama win his 2012 re-election. Basically, voter suppression.This is also why the Obama White House hacked the computers of journalists to make sure they were toeing the party line. Just ask former CBS reporter Sharyl Attkisson.
We must also remember that Obama and his leftist allies have for years been quietly pushing for the registration of illegal aliens. Remember ACORN? That’s what they were all about, but after the headlines detailing ACORN’s shady voter registration practices died down, the Obama Administration created a federal project that did much of the same thing. Titled the White House Task Force on New Americans, it was headed by illegal alien advocate and former VP of the National Council for La Raza, Cecilia Munoz, and was created to introduce “immigrants and refugees… to both the rights and responsibilities, as well as benefits of citizenship.” And no, there’s little evidence its voter registration efforts distinguished between those here legally and those who were not.
Munoz’s former group, the National Council of La Raza, received millions of dollars from Obama’s DOJ, money that Obama’s leftist lawyers shook down from bank settlements and used to create a shady “slush fund” which bypassed budgetary regulations and funded the open borders crowd.
We also now know, thanks to four different studies, that between 2.2 and 5.7 million illegal aliens have voted in the last few presidential elections.
The best guess is that at least three million illegal aliens voted in 2016, enough to give Hillary the popular vote but not quite enough to win some of the key rustbelt states won by Trump. This is why liberal state legislators all over the nation have pushed legislation granting illegals driver licenses. So far, 12 states have passed such laws.
The left knows full well that holding a driver’s license gives illegal aliens the confidence to also register to vote, not to mention many states have “motor voter” laws in which the DMV automatically registers to vote anyone granted a driver’s license. In California alone, the DMV has reported that one million “undocumented” immigrants have received driver licenses over the last three years. Unless they refused to register to vote, those non-citizens can now vote. Remember, in California, as in most states today, no one asks for proof of citizenship in order to register to vote.
The illegal alien vote is the Democrats secret voting bloc and it’s growing. This is why Obama’s Attorney General, Eric Holder, threw the full weight of the DOJ at every state that even thought about implementing a voter ID program of any kind.
It is not an accident that we are the only major country in the world that allows people to register and to vote without having to show any ID whatsoever. Clearly, the Obama administration took great pains to ensure that illegal aliens would not encounter any problems registering or voting. But we should not forget about the effort to also register felons. It is not a coincidence that during the Obama years, liberal legislators in a number of states were suddenly granting voting rights to felons.
Then, of course, there was the effort to suppress the military vote. Hundreds of thousands of military votes were not counted in the past because the absentee voter applications arrived too late from overseas military bases. We know that in 2010, only 5% of the military vote was counted. But federal legislation was passed called the Military and Voter Empowerment Act (MOVE) that required states to engage in additional actions to make it easier for military personnel to vote, such as collecting military absentee ballots at least 45 days before an election. However, the Obama Administration failed to give the agency tasked with implementing this program adequate funding to have much impact and even granted waivers to a number of states, thus allowing them to continue what they were previously doing: throwing late military absentee voter applications in the trash.
As Investor’s Business Daily wrote in 2012:
Indifference of the administration and the Defense Department will cause a record low military vote this year, particularly in swing states. Those who protect our right to vote deserve better. A new report by the Military Voter Protection Project found that absentee ballot requests by the military have dropped significantly since 2008 and are on track to make 2012 a record low for the military vote. As of Sept. 22, requests were down 46% in Florida, 70% in Virginia and 70% in Ohio…. The Pentagon is not doing its job, and the Obama administration doesn’t seem to care.… A Defense Department Inspector General report released in August found that FVAP hadn’t set up those voter assistance offices, using budget cuts as an excuse.This created such an outcry that the number of waivers granted to states dramatically dropped in subsequent years.
Are you getting the picture yet? It’s a nifty formula: Register illegals and felons to vote but suppress the votes of conservatives and those who serve our country. Add up all these actions and it’s difficult to not conclude Obama and his leftist allies in various states were engaged in a massive conspiracy to use the power of federal and state governments to influence the electoral process. And much of this occurred before Obama knew Trump would be the GOP nominee.
But let’s bring this conspiracy up to the present.
All of this flows nicely into Obama’s plan to use his intelligence
agencies as an appendage of the DNC. There is now little doubt that
Obama’s appointees involved themselves in a scam to purchase phony intel
and then used it as the basis for an application to the FISA court so
they could spy on Trump’s campaign. This plot had little to do with
Russia and everything to do with creating a damaging narrative about
“treason” and “collusion” that was to be spoon fed to their media allies
and used to try to remove Trump from office.
If Obama was really that concerned about Russian meddling with our election, he wouldn’t have ordered his cyber security team to stand down last election
when they proposed ramping up efforts to counter Russian interference.
And Obama would have demanded that the DNC turn over its server to the
FBI to determine if it was really was hacked by the Russkies. But they
didn’t, probably because they weren’t sure they could control the narrative if revelations leaked out that Russia didn’t hack the DNC computer. Instead, the DNC turned its server over to a cyber security firm called CrowdStrike that has ties to Hillary Clinton. Why would they do that?But something happened on the way to socialist utopia. Trump won. That was not supposed to happen.
To be blunt, the plan was for Hillary to win and continue the destruction of the American system of limited government, the rule of law, and the free enterprise system. A Hillary victory would have continued Obama’s agenda of open borders, government control of many industries, a cradle to grave welfare system, and emaciated military and socialist policies that would continue economic stagnation. Future elections would appear to be legit but they wouldn’t be.
Under a Clinton presidency, she would continue the Obama immigration policies, thereby allowing a few million more illegals to enter the country and would also massively increase Third World refugees who vote heavily Democratic. Indeed, in 2016 she announced that as president she would increase Syrian refuges alone by 550%. Add to this the aggressive federal/state/private voter registration programs targeting these groups and the result would be a boost of Democrat vote numbers probably large enough to keep winning the White House on a perpetual basis, essentially invalidating the will of the legal majority.
Elections would just be a formality to make the masses feel like they still lived in a free country, but the only free elections would be between Democrats in their own primary. The result would be the transformation of America to a full blown socialist country within a decade. Just as Obama had promised.
Nor should there be any doubt about Obama’s socialist vision for America. This is important because his ideology explains why he is leading the resistance: socialists believe in the Marxist theory that capitalism cannot coexist with socialism, hence they are obligated to destroy the free enterprise system and all the cultural traditions that go along with it. It was not a coincidence that the attacks on traditional marriage, the undermining of religious freedom, the promotion of transgendered “rights,” and other issues challenging traditional mores came to a fore during the Obama years. Obama and the progressives seek to undermine America’s cultural traditions because they are linked to America’s Christian and capitalist heritage. Their socialist ideology explains the chaos we find everywhere we look today. Historically, socialists detest free speech, free press, freedom of religion, and other constitutional rights we all take for granted. Just walk down any big city street with a Trump hat on and you will witness the attacks for yourself. Start getting used to it.
However, Americans were so propagandized by the media concerning Obama’s “mainstream Democrat” background that very few know the real truth about who he really is. But the evidence of Obama’s socialist background is overwhelming.
Researchers have dug up quite a bit about him since he burst onto the national political scene over a decade ago. Four books in particular have ripped off the propaganda cover: Aaron Klein’s The Manchurian President: Barack Obama’s Ties to Communists, Socialists and other Anti-American Extremists; Paul Kengor’s The Communist: Frank Marshall Davis, the Untold Story of Barack Obama’s Mentor; Trevor Loudon’s Barack Obama and the Enemies Within, and lastly, Stanley Kurtz’s excellent Radical-In-Chief: Barack Obama and the Untold Story of American Socialism. These authors have exhaustedly documented Obama’s involvement with numerous groups dominated by communists and socialists.
Indeed, Obama launched his political career at the house of former Weatherman terrorist Bill Ayers, who calls himself a “small c communist.” Obama’s mentor at Harvard was Charles Ogletree, a radical Marxist professor, former Black Panther, and leader of the nutty “reparations” movement.
We now know his father was a socialist economist and that his boyhood mentor was Frank Marshall Davis, a card-carrying Communist Party member who, according to his FBI file, was engaged in espionage. Davis even appears on the FBI’s Cold War era “watch list” of people to be rounded up should the Soviets launch a war against the USA.
We also know that Obama spoke at the funeral of leading Marxist theoretician Saul Mendelson. We know that in the 1996 he actually joined the New Party, a Marxist party in Illinois. And we know the Communist Party itself lavished praise on Obama, boasting of how they “actively supported Obama during the primary election.” Upon Obama’s 2008 victory, Sam Webb, the president of the U.S. Communist Party, announced we “now have a friend, a people’s advocate and the first African American in the White House.”
Former Communist activist John Drew attended Occidental with Obama and says not only that Obama was a well-known “Marxist-Leninist” on campus but that he actually said “There’s going to be a revolution” in the USA. And there has been of sorts.
One cannot dig into Obama’s background without stumbling into Communists and other assorted socialist revolutionaries everywhere one looks. And much of the media knew this when Obama ran for the presidency in 2008 but decided Americans didn’t need to know. But they covered every mistake and every shady relationship that Donald Trump ever had. Nor is there any evidence Obama ever modified his views. His background and his legislative legacy demonstrates contempt for America; its history, culture, constitution, and political system. All of this is consistent with Obama’s Marxist worldview that he took great pains to disguise. As Stanley Kurtz wrote, “Obama has made concerted efforts to hide his socialist convictions from the voters who put him into office.”
In Obama’s mind, his election was only the first step in the transformation of America. When Trump interrupted Obama’s plans by defeating Clinton, Obama was forced to dedicate himself to managing the resistance to Trump with the goal of removing or defeating Trump in order to revive his plan of moving America toward socialism. That is why Obama, his wife Michelle, and his top advisor, Valerie Jarrett moved into a home just two miles from the White House. The home, as reported by the Daily Mail, is the “nerve center of the mounting insurgency against his successor….” This is also why Obama has been busy meeting with numerous 2020 White House contenders at his office in the World Wildlife Fund building in Washington, D.C.
Obama may not prevail in his effort to oust Trump
and/or defeat him in 2020, but one has to acknowledge his brilliance in
organizing this very complex and far flung conspiracy. It includes
elements of spying, disinformation, legislative efforts, propaganda,
media relations, the use of intelligence assets, not to mention the
coordination of dozens of legal assaults on numerous Trump policies with
the goal of paralyzing his ability to govern. Many of Obama’s tactics
such as promoting the movement to give felons voting rights, blocking
states from implementing voter ID laws, and suppressing Tea Party
political activity, date back to his first term. For a decade, he has
worked within the system preparing for the current chaos, even though
much of what the “resistance” has done is highly questionable, if not
illegal. Especially the politicizing of federal agencies.
If the Republicans were half as energetic and organized as Obama,
they would likely not be in the predicament they are in. Aside from a
few standouts like Congressman Devin Nunes (R-CA), they look impotent
and confused, and seem unwilling to believe that Obama has been engaged
in a long-term project to transform America and disenfranchise
Republicans permanently. Had roles been reversed with Hillary in the
White House and Republican FBI/DOJ appointees caught using their offices
to sabotage Hillary’s election, it’s likely a lot of Republicans would
be wearing orange jumpsuits by now.GO TO PAGE # 28
The Effects of Communism on Popular Preferences
"After being reunited with West Germany, most East Germans have retained a decidedly Communist view of what the government should do in terms of providing a social safety net and redistributing wealth from rich to poor."While the common view in the West is that most Europeans who lived under Communism were happy to trade state-run economies for free-market capitalism, it turns out that their Marxist indoctrination may have more staying power than previously thought. In Goodbye Lenin (or Not?): The Effects of Communism on People's Preference (NBER Working Paper No. 11700), co-authors Alberto Alesina and Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln find that after being reunited with West Germany, most East Germans have retained a decidedly Communist view of what the government should do in terms of providing a social safety net and redistributing wealth from rich to poor. The authors conclude that the exposure to Communism has made East Germans "much more pro-state than West Germans."
"This effect could arise due to indoctrination (such as teaching the virtues of Communism in the schools) or simply due to becoming used to an intrusive public sector," they write. "A second, indirect effect of Communism is that by making former East Germany poorer than West Germany, it has made the former more dependent on redistribution and therefore more favorable to it."
Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln see Germany as an ideal laboratory for studying the lingering influence of Communism on a society because, prior to its partition in 1945, East and West Germans were, culturally and economically, almost indistinguishable. Therefore, one can attribute differences in contemporary attitudes to the different systems they lived under until unification in 1990.
The authors observe that after 45 years of living under Communism, one could think of "two possible" outcomes. Given the contrast between their stagnation and the West's prosperity, East Germans could have a strong reaction against state intervention and eagerly embrace free-markets. Alternatively, it could be that more than four decades of "heavy state intervention and indoctrination instill in people the view that the state is essential to individual well being."
Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln examined comprehensive, contemporary surveys of East and West German residents regarding their views on who should be most responsible for ensuring individual financial security, the state or the private sector. What they discovered is that most East Germans continue to hold the Communist view of the state as the central actor.
"In fact, we find that the effects of Communism are large and long lasting," they write. "It will take one to two generations for former East and West Germans to look alike in terms of preferences and attitudes about fundamental questions regarding the role of the government in society." In that sense, they view West Germany as having received a major "political shock" when it was re-united with East Germany since, almost overnight, the portion of the German population favoring state intervention grew significantly.
And, the citizens' preferences appear to go beyond self-serving beliefs. For example, Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln find that some of the difference in opinions -- about a third -- "can be explained by the fact that the East became poorer during Communism and is now a net beneficiary of (state directed) redistribution within Germany, rather than to an effect of Communism on preferences." But, they also find that East Germans are simply much more likely than West Germans to conclude that, "social conditions, rather than individual effort and initiative, determine individual fortunes."
"This belief is of course a basic tenet of Communist ideology," they write. But Alesina and Fuchs-Schündeln find that while Communist attitudes may still linger, they are waning and eventually -- though it may take 20 or 40 years -- the two sides will converge. For example, between 1998 and 2002, the share of East German votes captured by Germany's most leftist party, the PDS, shrunk substantially, "indicating a movement away from the Communist-leaning left toward the center of the political spectrum.
-- Matthew Davis
The Digest is not copyrighted and may be reproduced freely with appropriate attribution of source.FROM PAGE # 15
Did Trump Really Save America From Socialism?
As I’ve previously written for The American Spectator, when Republicans violate the law, the Dems waste no time indicting, convicting, and sending Republicans to prison. Between Watergate and Contra-gate, Democrats charged 83 Republicans with criminal conduct and many went to prison. So far, Republicans have not held even one Democrat accountable for crimes committed that are arguably far more damaging to our democratic process than these two Republican scandals.
Instead, incredible as it may seem, the party involved with abusing federal power to interfere with a presidential election is using the authority of the Special Council office to investigate Republicans on a phony Russian collusion case. Hard to believe.
“Operation Hurricane,” as the FBI called its illegal anti-Trump effort, is unprecedented in scope in U.S. history, yet Nunes has received only lukewarm support from the GOP establishment. Moreover, the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) headed by establishment Senator Richard Burr (NC), issues reports and makes statements that consistently undermine Nunes’s work. Burr actually defended the corrupt FISA application that, we now know, was based solely on the fabricated, DNC-funded dossier. Indeed, SSCI is notorious for leaking classified info to the press.
Aside from Senator Chuck Grassley and a few other Senators, many Republican senators seem to take their lead from the Democrats rather than from the House Intelligence Committee, which has spent far more time and resources investigating Operation Hurricane than any other committee.
Nor has the White House been helpful. For months now, the FBI, DOJ, CIA, and other agencies have dragged their feet on releasing documents requested by congressional house investigators. The DOJ has yet to release the full June, 2017 FISA warrant application without redactions, a document that would likely challenge the entire Russian collusion narrative. With one phone call, the Trump White House can order these agencies to comply immediately, but Trump’s attorneys apparently are resisting this. They should re-think. It is pathetic that a private group, Judicial Watch, using the Freedom of Information Act, has been able to secure far more documents than have the Republican-controlled oversight committees. How can this be?
If the GOP cannot unify to pursue a scandal this deep-rooted and consequential, then they don’t deserve to win in 2020 and will not likely survive as a viable party. It’s as if the Republican establishment wants the Deep State to prevail, Trump to be removed, and America returned to the socialist path it was on under Obama. Are they really that naïve that they don’t understand that once we go down that road, it’s unlikely the damage can be undone?
The progressive strategy to take down America has been in place for years but the lackadaisical attitude of the Republicans could determine if Trump’s counter-attacks are for the long term or are temporary. Aside from continuing to expose Obama’s plot to sabotage Trump’s election, the GOP needs to step up its game in many areas. For example, they need to launch a nationwide effort to coordinate the passage of voter ID laws in every state possible and Trump should order the DOJ to assist with the drafting of such laws.
The DOJ should also open up an investigation into how state DMV’s are automatically signing up illegals to vote who possess driver licenses; they should investigate the status of our military vote and make sure our fighting men and women are not being disenfranchised, and, lastly, they should investigate the slew of Soros-funded groups suspected of registering illegal aliens. After all, our democracy is being threatened by millions of non-citizens voting thereby compromising the integrity of our democratic system. Is this not precisely the kind of national conspiracy the DOJ should be investigating?
Moreover, AG Jeff Sessions needs to take back control of his agency. It is alarming that he appears to be not involved in any DOJ investigations concerning anything remotely related to Russia or Hillary, because he was advised to recuse himself by career DOJ attorney Scott Schools, even though the legal case for Session’s recusal was non-existent. Not surprisingly, Schools was hired by Obama official Sally Yates who was fired by Trump for refusing to support his travel ban. Sessions needs to reverse this silly recusal, hire new staff who are actually loyal to him, and get back on top of investigating the biggest political scandal in American history.
This is do or die time. Failure to act now by the GOP will cost the country dearly. Obama and his progressive allies have an aggressive multi-prong plan to survive congressional investigations, win back the White House in 2020, and resume their effort to take America down the socialist path. This is war, and the Democrats know it, but it’s not clear the Republican leadership understands this moment in history.
So, did Trump save America from socialism as D’Souza claims in Death of a Nation? I would argue that yes, he did, but if more Americans don’t realize what’s at stake here and wake up, Trump’s election will be only a temporary respite from the left’s efforts to turn America into a Third World style socialist “paradise.” For starters, every American patriot can help fight the progressives by taking a friend who is “apolitical” or “undecided” to watch Death of a Nation. This film will open their eyes.
Communism in Cuba: have its benefits been oversold?
- By Thomas D. Anderson Thomas D. Anderson is professor of geography at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. https://www.csmonitor.com
Cited most often are more equitable distribution of adequate housing, medical care, and education, as well as national income. Indeed, social advancements of this sort are presented to other third-world countries as inducements to adopt the Cuban model as a superior way to improve the lot of the masses. Even most critics in the United States concede these gains. In fact, a common concern in the US is that popular movements elsewhere will view similar one-party governments as the most effective means to achieve rapid social advancement.
Because this image of Cuba is so widely accepted it is interesting to note that alleged superior social conditions there are not substantiated by published data. Information compiled by the Population Reference Bureau of Washington, D.C. confirms, for example, that conditions of life in Haiti are the worst in the Western Hemisphere and among the poorest in the World. What seems especially striking, however, is that there is no evidence that social conditions in Cuba are particularly better than those on most neighboring islands.
The only categories in which Cuba ranks highest in the region is the percent of urban population and the ratio of students per teacher. Because political indoctrination is a normal part of schooling in Cuba, even this advantage may not be as great as it appears.
Perhaps most surprising are statistics related to secondary education. The sources suggest that only about two-thirds of Cuban teen-ages were enrolled in school in 1975. If true, the achievements of Castro's regime have been substantially less impressive than its admirers have claimed, considering that a secondary education was firmly established before the revolution.
One would expect, for example, that the small French departments of Martinique and Guadeloupe as well as the US Commonwealth of Puerto Rico would rank high in this regard. But evidence that independent states such as Trinidad-Tobago and Jamaica have done as well or better raises questions about the social advantages of the Cuban system.
Efforts by Cuban apologists to compare educational achievements now with conditions before the 1959 revolution rather than with those in neighboring countries likewise are not wholly convincing. Precise information is lacking in several categories but published data show that in 1953 the Cuban population 10 years or older was 76 percent literate. Educational opportunities definitely have widened over the past 20 years, but revolutionary Cuba was hardly the land of mass ignorance it has been pictured.
Or take the category of "physical quality of life," developed by the Overseas Development Council in response to a need for a non- income measure to summarize many aspects of human well-being. It combines three indicators -- infant mortality, life expectancy from age one, and literacy -- into a single composite index. The index runs from zero to 100, and 100 as the highest level. Cuba ranks well on this measure, but no better or not as well as four other Caribbean political entities and only slightly better than four others. Certainly its record does not deserve special commendation, especially when official statistics report an actual rise in infant mortality since the mid-1950s.
The question of comparative per capita gross national product is not easy to interpret. Contrasts are particularly difficult when communist and non communist economies are involved. Communist governments, for example, normally report the value of goods but not services. Adjustments to achieve a common index seldom are wholly satisfactory. It is true that elimination under socialism of private capital accumulation causes the per capita figure to more nearly reflect actual personal income than is true in places where wide disparities in wealth exist.
But even with this proviso, the economic status of Cuba in 1978 was mediocre at best in comparison with most of its neighbors. Prior to 1959, sources ranked Cuba anywhere from first to fourth in Latin America in this category.
Also of note is the fact that the income level of agricultural workers is fixed at less than a fifth that of managers. General wage increases in July 1980 even increased the differential slightly. Thus a class structure with uneven rewards is institutionalized under the rule of Marxist government.
These data do support the assumption that under Fidel Castro the Cuban people have benefited outstandingly from improvements in general social welfare. The question arises, however, whether they would not have done was well or better under a less repressive political system. Other nearby former colonies have comparable social indicators without loss of individual freedoms.
Within the Caribbean only Cuba and Haiti, and more recently Grenada, are dictatorships. Leaders who won contested elections are in power everywhere else. Considering the evidence from published social indicators it seems as if Cubans have paid a high price in political freedom for a quality of life no better than that of many of their neighbors.
Members of the Damas de Blanca group show images of dissident Orlando Zapata Tamayo
to commemorate the first year of his death, on February 23, 2011 in Havana. Tamayo
died in 2010 after an 83-day hunger strike while in prison for contempt of authority.
Javier Galeano AP
Why commemorate the victims of communism?
Fact 1
According to the "Black Book of Communism" about 100 million people in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America died under the communist repressions. Most of them disappeared in unmarked graves, and their recollection, to say nothing of their remembrance, was prohibited during the reign of communist regimes.
Fact 2
In 2009 European Parliament called in its resolution "European
conscience and totalitarianism" for the proclamation of 23 August as a
Europe-wide Day of Remembrance for the victims of all totalitarian and
authoritarian regimes, also condemning the crimes of Nazism and
communism. Victims of nazism and communism are commemorated on this day
in many European states and Northern America.
Fact 3
A large portion of the victims of communist regimes were not
conscious enemies of the communist regime. They were punished according
to their belonging, as ‘socially dangerous elements’. These were mostly
family members of people who had been branded opponents of the regime,
women, children and elderly persons.
The victims of all regimes of terror deserve honor and remembrance. Comparison of victims and sufferings is cynical.
Victims of communism have to be remembered as innocent victims of
regimes founded on communist ideology and also as people who stood up to
regimes of terror in the name of democracy, the rule of law, and
independent statehood, or for other motives. Communist regimes of terror
are part of the historical identity of Europe and the whole world.
The
victims of all regimes of terror deserve honor and remembrance.
Comparison of victims and sufferings is cynical. Victims of communism
have to be remembered as innocent victims of regimes founded on
communist ideology and also as people who stood up to regimes of terror
in the name of democracy, the rule of law, and independent statehood, or
for other motives.
Communist regimes of terror are part of
the historical identity of the peoples who endured them, and of all of
Europe and the whole world. The tens of millions of victims of communist
terror and genocide, like the victims of Nazi terror, genocide and the
Holocaust, are a warning from the past of the consequences of lust for
power and politics guided by ideologies that are hostile towards
humanity.
In the 20th century, tens of millions of
people in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America fell victim to the
social mechanics of communist regimes. Most of them disappeared in
unmarked graves, and their recollection, to say nothing of their
remembrance, was prohibited during the reign of communist regimes. The
numbers of victims became ammunition for the propaganda artillery of the
opposing sides during the Cold War. To this day, the question, who
killed more, Hitler or Stalin, stimulates more simplistic debate on
memory policy.
The resolution on European conscience and
totalitarianism passed in the European Parliament in April of 2009
recommended declaring 23 August the day of remembrance for victims of
communism and Nazism and this has been done in many European countries
and in North America. Some of the participants in the debate on memory
policy have deplored this recommendation instead. The remembrance of the
victims of the Nazi regime, first and foremost victims of the
Holocaust, and of the victims of communist regimes on one and the same
day has been called an attempt to deprive the Holocaust genocide of its
historical uniqueness. Eastern European countries are accused of
attempting to hide the collaboration of their own peoples with the
national socialists at that time behind the remembrance of victims of
communism.
‘Former people’ and their family members,
political opponents, ‘hostile peoples’, the inhabitants of occupied
countries, and others fell victim to communist regimes. Actual and
imaginary enemies were destroyed through executions and mass murders,
long-term forced labor or imprisonment in Gulag concentration camps in
inhuman conditions, deportation to uninhabitable regions in the Soviet
Union or also in other Eastern Bloc countries, incarceration in special
psychiatric clinics where inmates were subjected to forced psychiatric
treatment, and in other ways. The attacks of communist regimes on their
victims were mostly international crimes: genocide, crimes against
humanity, or war crimes.
A large portion of the victims of
communist regimes were not conscious enemies of the communist regime.
They were punished according to their belonging, as ‘socially dangerous
elements’. These were mostly family members of people who had been
branded opponents of the regime, women, children and elderly persons who
were deported into forced banishment in uninhabitable regions for fixed
time periods or in perpetuity, but such measures were also applied to
entire strata of society.
History is not black and white. In the
case of victims of terror, countries and peoples that fell victim to two
or more regimes of terror experienced this. Men and women who had
participated previously in communist terror fell victim to the Gestapo,
much like political tribunals of the Eastern Bloc also sentenced persons
who had participated in Nazi acts of terror to death or prison camp.
Guilt is individual, as is honour and remembrance. Criminals are not
commemorated equivalently with victims.
* * *
The killing fields of Cambodia
Communist regimes started imprisoning and destroying their political enemies immediately after seizing power. The communist secret police, known as the Cheka, was founded in Russia in December of 1917. In July of 1918, Tsar Nikolai II, who had abdicated the throne a year before then, was murdered together with his family, and the highest leadership of Soviet Russia was aware of this. Both red and white terror held sway during the years of the Russian civil war and millions of people were killed. The collectivisation of agriculture that began in 1929, and the deportations and famine that accompanied it, exacted millions of victims.
A new wave of terror broke out in the
latter half of the 1930s (the Great Terror). Among others, tens of
thousands of participants in the Bolshevik seizure of power, and leaders
of different levels of the Communist Party, state institutions, the Red
Army and Navy, and the state security services, fell victim to this
terror. At the start of World War II, the communist terror struck the
countries and territories that were occupied by the Soviet Union in
1939–1940. The next wave of terror began with the end of World War II
and continued until Stalin’s death. Not one Eastern European country
that was subjected to the control of the Soviet Union and the rule of
the communist regime was left untouched by the terror in 1944–1949.
The mass terror against alleged and actual
political opponents was discontinued soon after Stalin’s death in 1953
in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (excluding Albania). Most of the
survivors were released from the Gulag prison camps and from forced
banishment, and most of those who were released were allowed to return
to their homelands. A large proportion was rehabilitated, including the
posthumous rehabilitation of those who had been executed or had died in
prison camp.
The wave of terror of the Cultural
Revolution followed in China (1966–1976). The terror enacted by the
Khmer Rouge, who had seized power in Cambodia in 1975, against ‘former
people’ and minorities, first and foremost Vietnamese and Chinese,
involved the largest number of victims in relative terms. Over the
course of three years, 1.6–1.8 million people, 21–24% of Cambodia’s
population in 1975, were murdered or died. A number of communist
movements, mostly satellites of the Eastern Bloc in the Cold War, were
in power in Asian, African and Latin American countries. For instance,
according to different estimates, the red terror campaign carried out in
1977–1978 by the Marxist-Leninist Derg military junta, which ruled
Ethiopia since 1975, claimed 30,000–500,000 victims. Similar examples
abound for most countries that fell under the rule of communist parties
and their imitators.
The communist terror treated the French
Revolution’s revolutionary tribunals as their models. Great importance
was ascribed to justifying the ‘guilt’ of the victims of terror. The aim
was to expose ‘conspiracies’, mostly fabricated, and to extract
confessions from their victims through psychological and physical
torture, followed by verdicts of special military tribunals or so-called
Special Counsels. The latter handed down verdicts without the accused
being present.
The accusations were political: either
counterrevolutionary activities, struggle against the workers’ movement,
but also espionage on behalf of the Western countries or Japan, and in
1948–1953 also on behalf of Yugoslavia. The accused – and guilt was
mostly considered already ascertained by the fact of their arrest – were
sentenced to long-term forced labour in Gulag prison camps or execution
by shooting. The trials of the end of the 1930s and at the turn of the
1940s and 1950s were accompanied by extensive public propaganda
campaigns against the better known accused persons, in which communist
parties operating outside the Eastern Bloc, and even some left-wing
intellectuals, also participated.
When the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc
collapsed, the fate of victims of the communist terror started being
investigated in all of those countries, and the places where they were
buried started being marked. Refugees in Western countries already
memorialised victims of mass communist repressions earlier. Starting on
23 August 1986, the victims of terror in countries that lost their
independence as a consequence of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact were
remembered on the so-called Black Ribbon Day in North America and
Western Europe.
More attention was initially paid to old
Bolsheviks, the victims of Stalin’s Great Terror, within the framework
of glasnost launched at the time when the Soviet Union started to
collapse. Attempts were initially made to hush up the terror directed
against ethnic minorities and the inhabitants of occupied territories,
and to make only Stalin and his henchmen, especially Lavrenti Beria, the
scapegoats.
The collapse of the Eastern Bloc did away
with the obstacles preventing the remembrance of nationalist leaders,
military personnel and politicians, including politicians, military
personnel and intellectuals who fought against Bolshevism in Russia,
Ukraine, Byelorussia and Transcaucasia in 1917–1924, as well as
nationalists who fought against the Soviet Union in World War II. Katyń,
the murder of officers in 1939–1940, became the symbol of Polish
martyrdom, while the crushing of the Revolution of 1956 by the Red Army
became a similar symbol in Hungary. Ukraine remembers the genocide
victims of the Holodomor, the famine of the 1930s initiated by the
leaders of the Communist Party for the destruction of the Ukrainian
people. The inhabitants of the Baltic states remember their victims of
communism on the memorial days of the deportations of 1941 and 1949.
Museums and memorials to the victims of
communism have been established in most countries with populations that
have had to suffer through communist terror, but also in Western Europe
and North America. Estonia’s memorial to its victims of communism was
opened on 23 August 2018. The names of more than 22,000 Estonian
citizens and inhabitants, who fell victim to the communist regime and
are buried in unknown graves, are inscribed on its walls.
From Havana to Kiev: The US State Department as a Covert Operative
‘Democracy Assistance’ and civil-society coups in Venezuela, Cuba, Ukraine, and elsewhere
by
I
begin with three examples of State Department covert operations. The
first examples start with Cuba (for context) and end with Venezuela, the
target of the first two covert operations described below. The third
example begins and ends with Cuba. These examples function as case
studies that can be applied paradigmatically to Ukraine around the
events of February 2014, when Ukraine's elected president was overthrown in a coup supported
by the United States. I conclude with commentary about the State
Department’s likely evolution into a covert operations wing of the
executive branch, and why such operations are illegal and threaten to
ignite war in Europe among nations with nuclear weapons.
Covert Operation No. 1
On April 3, the Associated Press issued an investigative report titled, “US Secretly Created ‘Cuban Twitter’ to Stir Unrest and Undermine Government,” which began:
While USAID is known mostly for its health and food programs overseas, it includes a “Democracy, Human Rights, and Governance” program, which, as its Web site says, “helps countries transition to democracy.”
The USAID office charged with these “transition” missions is called the Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) which — in the “democracy assistance” argot that thoroughly infects State Department documents — “provides assistance targeting key transition, stabilization, and reconstruction needs in the areas of promoting reconciliation, fostering peace and democracy.”
Yet, here’s what the AP reported about the involvement of OTI in its “Cuban Twitter” investigation:
The report “by congressional researchers” — the Congressional Research Service — was issued in May 2009, and said a few more things about USAID’s OTI:
The scheme behind the five-point plan, implemented from 2004 to 2006, was laid out in the U.S. embassy document as follows: “The strategy’s focus is: 1) Strengthening Democratic Institutions, 2) Penetrating Chavez’ Political Base, 3) Dividing Chavismo, 4) Protecting Vital US Business, and 5) Isolating Chavez Internationally.”
The document reviewed OTI’s performance in implementing the five-point plan from 2004 to 2006, as follows:
Although the U.S. embassy and USAID/OTI had organized and implemented a program in Venezuela to “penetrate” the political base of Hugo Chávez, “divide” Chávismo (a political program of socialism and anti-imperialism), and “isolate” Chávez internationally — all designed to weaken support for Chávez leading up to the December 2006 presidential election — another State Department document released in February 2005 described U.S. involvement in preparing for the December 2006 presidential election in Venezuela as follows: “With a Venezuelan presidential election scheduled for 2006, the United States will need to offer support to help ensure they are free, fair, and transparent.”
This is one example of how State Department documents, using the pretense of “democracy assistance,” “support for democracy,” “support for civil society,” “support for free elections,” and so on, function as cover stories for State Department operations designed to influence conditions abroad without publicly acknowledging the role of the U.S. Government in the design and implementation of the operation. As such, these operations are also illegal under U.S. law.
Title 50, Section 413(b)(e) under U.S. federal law states: “As used in this subchapter, the term ‘covert action’ means an activity or activities of the United States Government to influence political, economic, or military conditions abroad, where it is intended that the role of the United States Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly.”
Thus, the State Department/U.S. embassy plan to undermine Chávez and thereby influence the 2006 presidential elections in Venezuela matches up precisely as follows with this definition of “covert action” under U.S.:
The sense is that the State Department’s unacknowledged covert actions exist to circumvent this law, thus enabling the United States to perpetuate off-label but illegal operations abroad without the president assuming the political and legal risks of issuing written findings for conduct that is also illegal under international law.
Covert Operation No. 2
In the early morning hours of April 12, 2002, the democratically elected president of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, was overthrown by a group of military officers who installed a Venezuelan businessman as president. The junta-installed president, Pedro Carmona, made the announcement as follows: “With the consensus of all forces comprising Venezuelan civil society, and the military establishment, the armed forces, I’ve been asked to lead the government.”
Later that day, the Bush administration announced that it supported the overthrow of Chávez, as reported by the New York Times: “The Bush administration laid the blame for Mr. Chávez’s overthrow firmly with the ousted leader. Officials portrayed the ouster as a victory for democracy, even though Mr. Chávez was a legitimately elected president.”
In its official response, the U.S. State Department issued an entirely inaccurate and misleadingstatement, also on April 12:
In another documentary, South of the Border, Oliver Stone reported, concurring with the others:
(Almost identically, on February 18-21, 2014, sniper fire from unidentified assailants from a number of tall buildings in Kiev at the seat of government, which killed and wounded anti-government and pro-government persons on the scene, was quickly attributed to the elected government of Viktor Yanukovych in Ukraine, and which was just as quickly cited by the coup leaders in Ukraine and U.S. officials in Washington as the acute justification for the coup that overthrew Yanukovych.)
When Chávez returned to power on April 14, two days after he was overthrown, the Bush administration would deny that a coup had taken place. This is Otto Reich, at the time assistant secretary of state for Western Hemispheric affairs, from Stone’s documentary:
The documentary The Revoultion Will Not Be Televised brilliantly films that removal, as it happened, by the military coup leaders inside the presidential palace. Second, the investigation by the State Department’s inspector general, Clark Kent Irvin – the investigation to which Reich referred as exonerating himself and the State Department —was seriously flawed.
On July 29, 2002, Irvin issued his report, which was tasked by Senator Christopher Dodd to investigate potential U.S. involvement in the April 2002 coup in Venezuela. Dodd had given Irvin a list of five questions to answer.
In issuing his report, Irvin noted that some records were missing from the U.S. embassy in Venezuela:
Irvin also interviewed only officials from the Bush administration and the National Endowment for Democracy. In this regard, Irvin wrote: “Purposely, we did not interview any Venezuelans, either supporters or opponents of the Chávez government.” In addition, Irvin interviewed no one under oath, took what Bush and NED officials told him apparently at face value, and indeed grounded his conclusions about U.S. involvement in the coup in what these officials told him. Thus, Irvin ritually repeated throughout his report that U.S. policy toward Venezuela “supported democracy and constitutionality.”
Beyond the travesty of his self-imposed investigative restrictions, which compromised the investigation from the start, Irvin modified one of Dodd’s questions (question no. 4) so as to insert Irvin’s stock claim that the Bush administration had acted democratically and constitutionally in Venezuela.
Dodd had asked:
Irvin, however, chose not to answer the question that Dodd had asked. Irvin thus responded: “Taking the question to be whether, in any such meetings, Chávez’s opponents sought help from the embassy or Department for removing or undermining the Chávez government through undemocratic or unconstitutional means, the answer is no.” (Emphasis added.)
By modifying Dodd’s question, Irvin modified Dodd’s point of inquiry from whether the Bush administration supported “removing or undermining” the Chávez government, to whether it supported “removing or undermining the Chávez government through undemocratic or unconstitutional means.” Having changed Senator Dodd’s question, Irvin was able to answer in a way that fit the administration’s alibi – that whatever was done, it was done to support democracy. This would appear to be unethical behavior on the part of the State Department’s inspector general, given that he substantially modified a question put to him by a U.S. senator with oversight of the State Department.
Irvin clung to the idea that the United States had behaved in the spirit of democracy in Venezuela, even though he himself had published at least some information to the contrary. For example, Irvin describes a “January 2002 strategy document” for Venezuela from the National Endowment for Democracy. The document is titled, “Democratizing Semi-Authoritarian Countries.” Irvin wrote, Clouseau-like and without comment: “The strategy document states that, since semi-authoritarianism involves shortcomings in so many different sectors, NED should take full advantage of its ability to work simultaneously in different areas. NED should strengthen not just civil society and independent media, but also political parties, business associations, trade unions, and policy institutes that can mediate between the state and the market and effect real economic reform.” Irvin reported that NED spent $2 million in Venezuela on activities in these areas from November 2001 to April 2002.
It apparently made no impression on Irvin that Venezuela’s most prominent business association and trade union leaders, in addition to its private media, were all intimately involved in the overthrow of Chávez. Nor did Irvin explain why — in the smoke-filled back rooms, with little expectation of disclosure — the State Department would draw the line at democracy and constitutionality with coup plotters whom it had funded, only to openly scoff at the principles of electoral democracy in its post-coup statements and actions.
Irvin also made little of what had been reported in the U.S. press about U.S. involvement in the coup. In a series of reports by correspondent Christopher Marquis, the New York Times reported: “Senior members of the Bush administration met several times in recent months with leaders of a coalition that ousted the Venezuelan president, Hugo Chávez, for two days last weekend, and agreed with them that he should be removed from office, administration officials said” (April 16, 2002); “A senior Bush administration official [Otto Reich] was in contact with the man [Pedro Carmona] who succeeded Mr. Chávez on the very day he took office. Mr. Carmona, who heads Venezuela’s largest business association, was one of numerous critics of Mr. Chávez to call on [Bush] administration officials in recent weeks. Officials from the White House, State Department and Pentagon, among others, were hosts to a stream of Chávez opponents, some of them seeking help in removing him from office” (April 17, 2002); “In the past year, the United States channeled hundreds of thousands of dollars in grants to American and Venezuelan groups opposed to President Hugo Chávez, including the labor groups whose protests led to the Venezuelan president’s brief ouster this month” (April 25).
The Bush administration supported the coup-related aims of the U.S.-paid coup plotters in Venezuela in 2002 – that’s why the United States paid them. And it is an obvious fact that the administration supported the coup plotters after they had overthrown the elected president of Venezuela. Yet, State Department documents released from July 2001 to February 2003 reported – in its standard style – that “the U.S. will continue to work with Venezuela to strengthen democratic institutions” (July 2, 2001), “the United States will continue to work with Venezuela to strengthen democratic institutions” (April 15, 2002), and “the United States will continue to work with Venezuela to strengthen democratic institutions” (February 13, 2003).
Covert Operation No. 3:
In its April 3 report on Cuba, the Associated Press reported the following details about the State Department’s operation there:
Re Carney’s claim that ZunZuneo “was debated in Congress”: Senator Patrick Leahy, who chairs the Senate subcommittee with oversight of USAID, said: “I know they said we were notified. We were notified in the most oblique way, that nobody could understand it.” The AP also reported that “by late Thursday [April 3] no members of Congress had acknowledged being aware of the Cuban Twitter [ZunZuneo] program earlier than this week.” Thus, the program apparently wasn’t debated in Congress, as Carney said.
Re Carney’s claim that ZunZuneo “was reviewed by the GAO”: This statement also was not accurate. GAO published three reports on USAID operations in Cuba within the conceivable time framework of the ZunZuneo program: “Foreign Assistance: U.S. Democracy Assistance for Cuba Needs Better Management and Oversight,” November 2006; “Foreign Assistance: Continued Efforts Needed to Strengthen USAID’s Oversight of U.S. Democracy Assistance for Cuba,”November 2008; and “Cuba Democracy Assistance: USAID’s Program Is Improved, but State Could Better Monitor Its Implementing Partners,” January 2013. None of these reports mention the ZunZuneo operation in Cuba by name, none mention it by description, and certainly none mention it as detailed in the AP’s April 3 exposé of the ZunZuneo operation. If anything, the GAO reports reveal a seven-year record of calling for greater monitoring by the State Department and USAID of Cuba program funds. Without ever citing the ZunZuneo report by name or by description, the GAO also never certified that ZunZuneo “was in accordance with U.S. law,” as Carney also claimed.
In her denials, a State Department’s spokeswoman, Marie Harf said, according to the New York Times: “There was nothing classified or covert about this program. Discreet does not equal covert. Having worked for almost six years at the C.I.A. and now here [at the State Department], I know the difference.” Reuters also reported: “Harf said that ‘we submitted a congressional notification in 2008 outlining what we were doing in Cuba’ and ‘we also offered to brief’ the appropriate lawmakers about it.” According to the same Reuters report: “Harf said ‘the notion that we were somehow trying to foment unrest, that we were trying to advance a specific political agenda or points of view – nothing could be further from the truth.’”
Re Harf’s claim that “we submitted a congressional notification in 2008 outlining what we were doing in Cuba”: See Leahy’s statement, and the report by AP, both of which undermine Harf’s assertion that the Congress was notified.
Re Harf’s claim that “the notion that we were somehow trying to foment unrest, that we were trying to advance a specific political agenda or points of view – nothing could be further from the truth”: While Harf did not respond to the details of AP’s April 3 report, this statement is inconsistent with those details. For example, the AP reported, citing USAID documents, that the purpose of ZunZuneo was to instigate “mass gatherings called at a moment’s notice that might trigger a Cuban spring, or, as one USAid document put it, ‘renegotiate the balance of power between the state and society.’”
Re Harf’s claim that there was nothing classified or covert about ZunZuneo: A covert operation wouldn’t need to be classified in order for it to be covert. In fact, the definition of “covert action” under U.S. law – Title 50, Section 413(b)(e) – would appear to qualify ZunZuneo as the third State Department covert operation described in this report, since: (a) ZunZuneo was “an activity of the United States Government,” (b) organized “to influence political … conditions abroad,” and (c) included the intention “that the role of the United States Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly.”
The Congress Should Assert Its Oversight Function
In a brief piece in the New York Times on the AP’s investigative report about ZunZuneo, David Sanger observed: “By the standards of American efforts in Cuba, ZunZuneo was on the milder side. It did not involve poison cigars for Fidel Castro, or landings by exiles at the Bay of Pigs.” That’s true, perhaps, but Sanger overlooks what is likely going on, which is that the State Department has built a nest of covert action pieces that engages in secret, illegal foreign operations, including political destabilization for the benefit of powerful corporate and financial interests.
An illuminating moment in the U.S.-backed coup in Venezuela in 2002, and in the U.S.-backed coup in Ukraine in 2014, was the eager involvement of the International Monetary Fund with the unelected, illegitimate, post-coup governments.
In his documentary, South of the Border, Oliver Stone captures an IMF Webcast on April 12, 2002 – 9:30 a.m. to be exact. This Webcast thus took place only a few hours after the military junta in Venezuela had overthrown Chávez, had dissolved Venezuela’s National Assembly, its Supreme Court, the Attorney General, the head of the Central Bank, and the National Electoral Board to the accompaniment of raucous cheers, raised fists, and standing ovations among the coup plotters and their supporters.
Stone’s voice-over introduced the IMF Webcast on that day as follows: “The IMF, usually slow in responding to the genuine requests for aid from starving Africa, was quick off the mark to demonstrate its support for the coup.” On the screen is an IMF official, Thomas Dawson, addressing the new military junta in Venezuela: “I hope that these discussions will continue with the new administration, and we stand ready to assist the new administration in whatever manner they find suitable.” Stone: “The aim was straightforward. The IMF was making it clear to the world that the toppling of Chávez was in the interest of global capitalism.”
Likewise, less than two weeks after the elected president of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych, was overthrown on February 22, 2014, the IMF engaged the post-coup government in negotiations over an IMF debt agreement that, in essence, had been rejected by Yanukovych in December, just three months earlier. By March 27, the IMF announced a deal on an $15-18 billion loan to the post-coup Ukrainian government. In reporting the agreement, the New York Times noted that the deal was “subject to the approval of the [IMF’s] board next month,” but not to the approval of the Ukrainian people, which had no voice after the coup through duly elected representatives to approve or reject the deal.
In both Venezuela and Ukraine in these instances, there isn’t a scintilla of democracy at work, yet State Department documents are larded with references to supporting and advancing democracies in their descriptions of U.S. policy toward those two countries in those years.
With respect to Ukraine, from FY 2011 to FY 2014, a period of four years, the State Department had requested from Congress at least $426 million for its operations in Ukraine, with no coherent explanation on how exactly that money would be spent. (See, “Congressional Budget Justification: Volume 2: Foreign Operations: Department of State: United States of America,”Fiscal Year 2013 and Fiscal Year 2014.)
For example, in the last two years (FY 2013-FY2014), the State Department requested $108 million for its operations in Ukraine through its “Economic Support Fund.” What is the Economic Support Fund and how does it operate in Ukraine? Here’s what the State Department says:
Furthermore, for FY 2013, the State Department requested $36.2 million through its Economic Support Fund for operations in Russia. The State Department explained the purpose of its ESF program in Russia as follows: “Assistance will support efforts by Russians to further democratic reforms through programs that provide support for civil society, independent media, the rule of law, human rights, and good governance; and will support Russia’s evolution towards becoming a global development partner.” This also sounds similar to the descriptions of State Department programs in Venezuela and Ukraine during the periods of U.S. destabilization in those countries discussed here.
Also, for FY 2014, the State Department requested no money for Russia through its Economic Support Fund. On the other hand, the State Department requested $68 million for “Europe and Eurasia Regional,” a line-item that did not appear in the State Department’s FY 2013 funding request, and which included “promoting civil society development and networks” among its funded activities. Were the funds allocated for the State Department’s Economic Support Fund for Russia for FY 2013 transferred to “Europe and Eurasia Regional,” a region which includes Russia, for FY 2014? There’s no easy way to know from the State Department’s documents.
The purpose of this exercise is not to take sides with Russia over the United States and Europe. The idea is to demonstrate that the State Department, which was established to function as the foreign-policy making center of the executive branch, has likely evolved into another covert operations hub of the U.S. government, with no discernible legal basis for having done so, and with no oversight from the Congress, the press, or the American public.
At a minimum, there is almost no way to know what the State Department does or doesn’t do in this regard, given that its principle public disclosure documents are, at best, uninformative from beginning to end. An organization that rates foreign-aid transparency, called Publish What You Fund, in its Aid Transparency Index, rated the U.S. State Department a 22 out of a top score of 100, “placing it near the bottom of the poor category.” It advises that “the State Department should begin publication in line with the International Aid Transparency Initiative standard as soon as possible.”
If there were someone in the Congress who would actually do it, one might call for a congressional investigation of the State Department’s “democracy assistance” and “civil society” programs that currently operate overseas under the banners of USAID, the National Endowment for Democracy, the Office of Transition Initiatives, and the Economic Support Fund along the lines of the Church Committee and Pike Committee investigations of C.I.A. operations in the 1970s, hopefully before the State Department ends up going even further than it already has in starting a major war in Europe.
Covert Operation No. 1
On April 3, the Associated Press issued an investigative report titled, “US Secretly Created ‘Cuban Twitter’ to Stir Unrest and Undermine Government,” which began:
In July 2010, Joe McSpedon, a U.S. government official, flew to Barcelona to put the final touches on a secret plan to build a social media project aimed at undermining Cuba’s communist government. To hide the network from the Cuban government, they would set up a byzantine system of front companies using a Cayman Islands bank account, and recruit unsuspecting executives who would not be told of the company’s ties to the U.S. government.The AP report continued: “McSpedon didn’t work for the C.I.A. This was a program paid for and run by the [State Department’s] U.S. Agency for International Development [USAID], best known for overseeing billions of dollars in US humanitarian aid.”
While USAID is known mostly for its health and food programs overseas, it includes a “Democracy, Human Rights, and Governance” program, which, as its Web site says, “helps countries transition to democracy.”
The USAID office charged with these “transition” missions is called the Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) which — in the “democracy assistance” argot that thoroughly infects State Department documents — “provides assistance targeting key transition, stabilization, and reconstruction needs in the areas of promoting reconciliation, fostering peace and democracy.”
Yet, here’s what the AP reported about the involvement of OTI in its “Cuban Twitter” investigation:
McSpedon worked for USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI), a division that was created after the fall of the Soviet Union to promote US interests in quickly changing political environments – without the usual red tape. In 2009, a report by congressional researchers warned that OTI’s work “often lends itself to political entanglements that may have diplomatic implications.” Staffers on oversight committees complained that USAID was running secret programs and would not provide details.Now that we've picked up the trail of OTI in Cuba from the AP report, we will follow that lead to OTI operations in Venezuela. We'll return to Cuba in Covert Operation No. 3 below.
The report “by congressional researchers” — the Congressional Research Service — was issued in May 2009, and said a few more things about USAID’s OTI:
Critics sometimes accuse OTI of destabilizing rather than stabilizing civil society. For example, OTI democracy projects in Venezuela, with the reported goal of encouraging citizens’ participation in democratic processes, have repeatedly been accused by Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez of supporting groups trying to overthrow Chávez. Similarly, Bolivian President Evo Morales accused the United States of plotting a “civil coup” through the now-closed OTI program in Bolivia.The Congressional Research Service report footnoted a 2007 analysis by Tom Barry of the Center for International Policy, who wrote:
Several months after the unsuccessful April 2002 coup in Venezuela, the U.S. State Department established an Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) in Caracas, using money from USAID. Operating out of the U.S. Embassy, OTI has two stated objectives, according to the agency: to “strengthen democratic institutions and promote space for democratic dialogue”; and “encourage citizen participation in the democratic process.” USAID established OTI with the all-but-explicit intention of aiding efforts to oust President Chávez.The Congressional Research Service also cited a 2008 report in the New York Times:
Without offering proof, Mr. [Evo] Morales accused his critics of plotting a “civil coup” with the help of the American ambassador, Philip S. Goldberg, whom he expelled abruptly on Sept. 10. Indeed, considerable ill will toward the United States persists in Mr. Morales’s government, particularly in relation to a United States agency called the Office of Transition Initiatives [OTI]. Washington ended the office’s operations in Bolivia last year, after dispensing grants aimed at strengthening departmental governments, which have taken the lead in opposing Mr. Morales.Also with regard to USAID and OTI, in 2011 WikiLeaks released a document generated by the U.S. embassy in Caracas, Venezuela, dated November 9, 2006, and titled, “USAID/OTI Programmatic Support for Country Team 5 Point Strategy.” The “country team” is State Department staff in Venezuela and the “5-Point Strategy” was aimed at discrediting and undermining President Hugo Chávez in advance of the presidential election there in December 2006.
The scheme behind the five-point plan, implemented from 2004 to 2006, was laid out in the U.S. embassy document as follows: “The strategy’s focus is: 1) Strengthening Democratic Institutions, 2) Penetrating Chavez’ Political Base, 3) Dividing Chavismo, 4) Protecting Vital US Business, and 5) Isolating Chavez Internationally.”
The document reviewed OTI’s performance in implementing the five-point plan from 2004 to 2006, as follows:
Strengthen Democratic Institutions
(S) OTI has supported over 300 Venezuelan civil society organizations with technical assistance, capacity building, connecting them with each other and international movements, and with financial support upwards of $15 million. Of these, 39 organizations focused on advocacy have been formed since the arrival of OTI; many of these organizations as a direct result of OTI programs and funding.
(S) Human Rights: OTI supports the Freedom House (FH) “Right to Defend Human Rights” program with $1.1 million. Simultaneously through Development Alternatives Inc. (DAI), OTI has also provided 22 grants to human rights organizations totaling $726,000.
Penetrate Base/Divide Chavismo
(S) Another key Chavez strategy is his attempt to divide and polarize Venezuelan society using rhetoric of hate and violence. OTI supports local NGOs who work in Chavista strongholds and with Chavista leaders, using those spaces to counter this rhetoric and promote alliances through working together on issues of importance to the entire community. OTI has directly reached approximately 238,000 adults through over 3000 forums, workshops and training sessions delivering alternative values and providing opportunities for opposition activists to interact with hard-core Chavistas, with the desired effect of pulling them slowly away from Chavismo. We have supported this initiative with 50 grants totaling over $1.1 million.
Isolate Chavez
(S) An important component of the OTI program is providing information internationally regarding the true revolutionary state of affairs. OTI’s support for human rights organizations has provided ample opportunity to do so. The FH [Freedom House] exchanges allowed Venezuelan human rights organizations to visit Mexico, Guatemala, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Costa Rica, and Washington DC to educate their peers regarding the human rights situation. Also, DAI [Development Alternatives Inc.] has brought dozens of international leaders to Venezuela, university professors, NGO members, and political leaders to participate in workshops and seminars, who then return to their countries with a better understanding of the Venezuelan reality and as stronger advocates for the Venezuelan opposition.
BROWNFIELDAs the document indicated, the five-point plant was written (or approved) by the U.S. ambassador to Venezuela at the time, William Brownfield.
Although the U.S. embassy and USAID/OTI had organized and implemented a program in Venezuela to “penetrate” the political base of Hugo Chávez, “divide” Chávismo (a political program of socialism and anti-imperialism), and “isolate” Chávez internationally — all designed to weaken support for Chávez leading up to the December 2006 presidential election — another State Department document released in February 2005 described U.S. involvement in preparing for the December 2006 presidential election in Venezuela as follows: “With a Venezuelan presidential election scheduled for 2006, the United States will need to offer support to help ensure they are free, fair, and transparent.”
This is one example of how State Department documents, using the pretense of “democracy assistance,” “support for democracy,” “support for civil society,” “support for free elections,” and so on, function as cover stories for State Department operations designed to influence conditions abroad without publicly acknowledging the role of the U.S. Government in the design and implementation of the operation. As such, these operations are also illegal under U.S. law.
Title 50, Section 413(b)(e) under U.S. federal law states: “As used in this subchapter, the term ‘covert action’ means an activity or activities of the United States Government to influence political, economic, or military conditions abroad, where it is intended that the role of the United States Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly.”
Thus, the State Department/U.S. embassy plan to undermine Chávez and thereby influence the 2006 presidential elections in Venezuela matches up precisely as follows with this definition of “covert action” under U.S.:
- “an activity or activities of the United States Government” – the State Department’s five-point plan;
- “to influence political … conditions abroad” – to influence the December 2006 presidential election in Venezuela;
- “where it is intended that the role of the United States Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly” – by secretly designing and implementing the five-point plan to influence the December 2006 elections in Venezuela, while publicly describing the operation as helping “to ensure” that the elections “are free, fair, and transparent.”
The sense is that the State Department’s unacknowledged covert actions exist to circumvent this law, thus enabling the United States to perpetuate off-label but illegal operations abroad without the president assuming the political and legal risks of issuing written findings for conduct that is also illegal under international law.
Covert Operation No. 2
In the early morning hours of April 12, 2002, the democratically elected president of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, was overthrown by a group of military officers who installed a Venezuelan businessman as president. The junta-installed president, Pedro Carmona, made the announcement as follows: “With the consensus of all forces comprising Venezuelan civil society, and the military establishment, the armed forces, I’ve been asked to lead the government.”
Later that day, the Bush administration announced that it supported the overthrow of Chávez, as reported by the New York Times: “The Bush administration laid the blame for Mr. Chávez’s overthrow firmly with the ousted leader. Officials portrayed the ouster as a victory for democracy, even though Mr. Chávez was a legitimately elected president.”
In its official response, the U.S. State Department issued an entirely inaccurate and misleadingstatement, also on April 12:
Though details are still unclear, undemocratic actions committed or encouraged by the Chavez administration provoked yesterday’s crisis in Venezuela. According to the best information available, at this time: Yesterday, hundreds of thousands of Venezuelans gathered peacefully to seek redress of their grievances. The Chavez Government attempted to suppress peaceful demonstrations. Chavez supporters, on orders, fired on unarmed, peaceful protestors, resulting in more than 100 wounded or killed. Venezuelan military and police refused orders to fire on peaceful demonstrators and refused to support the government's role in such human rights violations. The government prevented five independent television stations from reporting on events. The results of these provocations are: Chavez resigned the presidency.Three documentary films address in detail the events referred to here by the State Department on the day of the coup: Llaguno Bridge: Keys to a Massacre by Ángel Palacios (2004); The Revolution Will Not Be Televised by Kim Bartley and Donnacha O’Briain (2003); and Anatomy of a Coup by Bentley Dean and Elise West (2002). Not one supports the State Department’s assertions; in fact, the documentaries establish – on virtually a point-by-point basis – a completely different reality concerning the events and conditions surrounding the coup.
In another documentary, South of the Border, Oliver Stone reported, concurring with the others:
As [the anti-Chávez protesters] reached the [presidential] palace, suddenly shots were fired from the rooftops of buildings, and members from both sides were hit in the head. On a nearby bridge, the Chávez supporters took cover, and returned fire at the direction of the snipers, as well as at the Metropolitan Police, who had fired at them.And in a review in the New York Times of The Revolution Will Not Be Televised, Stephen Holden wrote:
The local media coverage of this event showed the Chávez supporters firing from the bridge, and then showed the street where people had been hit in the head by snipers, manipulating the footage to make it appear that the Chávez supporters had fired these lethal shots. The media would also say that Chávez himself had ordered these shootings, and used this justification for the coup, which was already in progress.
More than a scary close-up look at the raw mechanics of a power grab, the film is a cautionary examination of the use of television to deceive and manipulate the public. The attempt to seize control never would have gotten off the ground without the fervent support of Venezuela’s five private television stations, all politically aligned with oil interests that had hounded Mr. Chávez from the moment he took office…. Much of the documentary replays the actual television coverage of the events, and the incident that became the excuse for deposing Mr. Chávez was deliberately misrepresented by the private channels, the film says. Two opposing crowds faced off in front of the presidential palace, and sniper gunfire killed at least 11 demonstrators. Mr. Chávez’s supporters were blamed. But excised film clips shown in the movie dispute that claim.What the documentaries show is that sniper fire from a number of tall buildings by unidentified gunmen killed both pro-Chávez and anti-Chávez protesters that day, causing an extreme degree of bloody chaos that was attributed to President Chávez not only by the Fox-TV-like private television stations in Venezuela, but by the highest levels of the U.S. government as well. This was on April 11-12, 2002.
(Almost identically, on February 18-21, 2014, sniper fire from unidentified assailants from a number of tall buildings in Kiev at the seat of government, which killed and wounded anti-government and pro-government persons on the scene, was quickly attributed to the elected government of Viktor Yanukovych in Ukraine, and which was just as quickly cited by the coup leaders in Ukraine and U.S. officials in Washington as the acute justification for the coup that overthrew Yanukovych.)
When Chávez returned to power on April 14, two days after he was overthrown, the Bush administration would deny that a coup had taken place. This is Otto Reich, at the time assistant secretary of state for Western Hemispheric affairs, from Stone’s documentary:
CNN Correspondent on TV to Otto Reich: “[Chávez] says that the coup that took place in his country was engineered by the United States, and some in his administration say that in fact you had something to do with it. What do you say when you hear that?”
Reich: “Well, I have to laugh, because the coup, first of all, there was no coup. I think Mr. Chávez would have been removed. There was a four-month investigation by the State Department. There was absolutely no U.S. involvement in that action that Chávez calls a coup.”First, Chávez was removed from power, contrary to what Reich asserted.
The documentary The Revoultion Will Not Be Televised brilliantly films that removal, as it happened, by the military coup leaders inside the presidential palace. Second, the investigation by the State Department’s inspector general, Clark Kent Irvin – the investigation to which Reich referred as exonerating himself and the State Department —was seriously flawed.
On July 29, 2002, Irvin issued his report, which was tasked by Senator Christopher Dodd to investigate potential U.S. involvement in the April 2002 coup in Venezuela. Dodd had given Irvin a list of five questions to answer.
In issuing his report, Irvin noted that some records were missing from the U.S. embassy in Venezuela:
We note that there are some apparent gaps in the electronic information. For example, at this time, we are not sure we have all e-mails from the embassy’s classified internal system. According to embassy information technology staff, they did not have enough recording tape to back up their systems fully; instead, they used the same tapes over and over again, and as a result, data from that time period may have been lost.Irvin reported no investigation of the erased emails, and presumably did not conduct one.
Irvin also interviewed only officials from the Bush administration and the National Endowment for Democracy. In this regard, Irvin wrote: “Purposely, we did not interview any Venezuelans, either supporters or opponents of the Chávez government.” In addition, Irvin interviewed no one under oath, took what Bush and NED officials told him apparently at face value, and indeed grounded his conclusions about U.S. involvement in the coup in what these officials told him. Thus, Irvin ritually repeated throughout his report that U.S. policy toward Venezuela “supported democracy and constitutionality.”
Beyond the travesty of his self-imposed investigative restrictions, which compromised the investigation from the start, Irvin modified one of Dodd’s questions (question no. 4) so as to insert Irvin’s stock claim that the Bush administration had acted democratically and constitutionally in Venezuela.
Dodd had asked:
Did opponents of the Chávez government, if any, who met with [U.S.] embassy or [State] Department officials request or seek the support of the U.S. government for actions aimed at removing or undermining that government? If so, what was the response of embassy or Department officials to such requests?Note that Dodd’s point of inquiry is whether Venezuelan opposition groups sought support, and whether the Bush administration provided support, for “removing or undermining” the Chávez government.
Irvin, however, chose not to answer the question that Dodd had asked. Irvin thus responded: “Taking the question to be whether, in any such meetings, Chávez’s opponents sought help from the embassy or Department for removing or undermining the Chávez government through undemocratic or unconstitutional means, the answer is no.” (Emphasis added.)
By modifying Dodd’s question, Irvin modified Dodd’s point of inquiry from whether the Bush administration supported “removing or undermining” the Chávez government, to whether it supported “removing or undermining the Chávez government through undemocratic or unconstitutional means.” Having changed Senator Dodd’s question, Irvin was able to answer in a way that fit the administration’s alibi – that whatever was done, it was done to support democracy. This would appear to be unethical behavior on the part of the State Department’s inspector general, given that he substantially modified a question put to him by a U.S. senator with oversight of the State Department.
Irvin clung to the idea that the United States had behaved in the spirit of democracy in Venezuela, even though he himself had published at least some information to the contrary. For example, Irvin describes a “January 2002 strategy document” for Venezuela from the National Endowment for Democracy. The document is titled, “Democratizing Semi-Authoritarian Countries.” Irvin wrote, Clouseau-like and without comment: “The strategy document states that, since semi-authoritarianism involves shortcomings in so many different sectors, NED should take full advantage of its ability to work simultaneously in different areas. NED should strengthen not just civil society and independent media, but also political parties, business associations, trade unions, and policy institutes that can mediate between the state and the market and effect real economic reform.” Irvin reported that NED spent $2 million in Venezuela on activities in these areas from November 2001 to April 2002.
It apparently made no impression on Irvin that Venezuela’s most prominent business association and trade union leaders, in addition to its private media, were all intimately involved in the overthrow of Chávez. Nor did Irvin explain why — in the smoke-filled back rooms, with little expectation of disclosure — the State Department would draw the line at democracy and constitutionality with coup plotters whom it had funded, only to openly scoff at the principles of electoral democracy in its post-coup statements and actions.
Irvin also made little of what had been reported in the U.S. press about U.S. involvement in the coup. In a series of reports by correspondent Christopher Marquis, the New York Times reported: “Senior members of the Bush administration met several times in recent months with leaders of a coalition that ousted the Venezuelan president, Hugo Chávez, for two days last weekend, and agreed with them that he should be removed from office, administration officials said” (April 16, 2002); “A senior Bush administration official [Otto Reich] was in contact with the man [Pedro Carmona] who succeeded Mr. Chávez on the very day he took office. Mr. Carmona, who heads Venezuela’s largest business association, was one of numerous critics of Mr. Chávez to call on [Bush] administration officials in recent weeks. Officials from the White House, State Department and Pentagon, among others, were hosts to a stream of Chávez opponents, some of them seeking help in removing him from office” (April 17, 2002); “In the past year, the United States channeled hundreds of thousands of dollars in grants to American and Venezuelan groups opposed to President Hugo Chávez, including the labor groups whose protests led to the Venezuelan president’s brief ouster this month” (April 25).
The Bush administration supported the coup-related aims of the U.S.-paid coup plotters in Venezuela in 2002 – that’s why the United States paid them. And it is an obvious fact that the administration supported the coup plotters after they had overthrown the elected president of Venezuela. Yet, State Department documents released from July 2001 to February 2003 reported – in its standard style – that “the U.S. will continue to work with Venezuela to strengthen democratic institutions” (July 2, 2001), “the United States will continue to work with Venezuela to strengthen democratic institutions” (April 15, 2002), and “the United States will continue to work with Venezuela to strengthen democratic institutions” (February 13, 2003).
Covert Operation No. 3:
In its April 3 report on Cuba, the Associated Press reported the following details about the State Department’s operation there:
- The U.S. government masterminded the creation of a ‘Cuban Twitter’—a communications network designed to undermine the communist government in Cuba, built with secret shell companies and financed through foreign banks, the Associated Press has learned.
- USAID and its contractors went to extensive lengths to conceal Washington’s ties to the project, according to interviews and documents obtained by the AP. They set up front companies in Spain and the Cayman Islands to hide the money trail.
Re Carney’s claim that ZunZuneo “was debated in Congress”: Senator Patrick Leahy, who chairs the Senate subcommittee with oversight of USAID, said: “I know they said we were notified. We were notified in the most oblique way, that nobody could understand it.” The AP also reported that “by late Thursday [April 3] no members of Congress had acknowledged being aware of the Cuban Twitter [ZunZuneo] program earlier than this week.” Thus, the program apparently wasn’t debated in Congress, as Carney said.
Re Carney’s claim that ZunZuneo “was reviewed by the GAO”: This statement also was not accurate. GAO published three reports on USAID operations in Cuba within the conceivable time framework of the ZunZuneo program: “Foreign Assistance: U.S. Democracy Assistance for Cuba Needs Better Management and Oversight,” November 2006; “Foreign Assistance: Continued Efforts Needed to Strengthen USAID’s Oversight of U.S. Democracy Assistance for Cuba,”November 2008; and “Cuba Democracy Assistance: USAID’s Program Is Improved, but State Could Better Monitor Its Implementing Partners,” January 2013. None of these reports mention the ZunZuneo operation in Cuba by name, none mention it by description, and certainly none mention it as detailed in the AP’s April 3 exposé of the ZunZuneo operation. If anything, the GAO reports reveal a seven-year record of calling for greater monitoring by the State Department and USAID of Cuba program funds. Without ever citing the ZunZuneo report by name or by description, the GAO also never certified that ZunZuneo “was in accordance with U.S. law,” as Carney also claimed.
In her denials, a State Department’s spokeswoman, Marie Harf said, according to the New York Times: “There was nothing classified or covert about this program. Discreet does not equal covert. Having worked for almost six years at the C.I.A. and now here [at the State Department], I know the difference.” Reuters also reported: “Harf said that ‘we submitted a congressional notification in 2008 outlining what we were doing in Cuba’ and ‘we also offered to brief’ the appropriate lawmakers about it.” According to the same Reuters report: “Harf said ‘the notion that we were somehow trying to foment unrest, that we were trying to advance a specific political agenda or points of view – nothing could be further from the truth.’”
Re Harf’s claim that “we submitted a congressional notification in 2008 outlining what we were doing in Cuba”: See Leahy’s statement, and the report by AP, both of which undermine Harf’s assertion that the Congress was notified.
Re Harf’s claim that “the notion that we were somehow trying to foment unrest, that we were trying to advance a specific political agenda or points of view – nothing could be further from the truth”: While Harf did not respond to the details of AP’s April 3 report, this statement is inconsistent with those details. For example, the AP reported, citing USAID documents, that the purpose of ZunZuneo was to instigate “mass gatherings called at a moment’s notice that might trigger a Cuban spring, or, as one USAid document put it, ‘renegotiate the balance of power between the state and society.’”
Re Harf’s claim that there was nothing classified or covert about ZunZuneo: A covert operation wouldn’t need to be classified in order for it to be covert. In fact, the definition of “covert action” under U.S. law – Title 50, Section 413(b)(e) – would appear to qualify ZunZuneo as the third State Department covert operation described in this report, since: (a) ZunZuneo was “an activity of the United States Government,” (b) organized “to influence political … conditions abroad,” and (c) included the intention “that the role of the United States Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly.”
The Congress Should Assert Its Oversight Function
In a brief piece in the New York Times on the AP’s investigative report about ZunZuneo, David Sanger observed: “By the standards of American efforts in Cuba, ZunZuneo was on the milder side. It did not involve poison cigars for Fidel Castro, or landings by exiles at the Bay of Pigs.” That’s true, perhaps, but Sanger overlooks what is likely going on, which is that the State Department has built a nest of covert action pieces that engages in secret, illegal foreign operations, including political destabilization for the benefit of powerful corporate and financial interests.
An illuminating moment in the U.S.-backed coup in Venezuela in 2002, and in the U.S.-backed coup in Ukraine in 2014, was the eager involvement of the International Monetary Fund with the unelected, illegitimate, post-coup governments.
In his documentary, South of the Border, Oliver Stone captures an IMF Webcast on April 12, 2002 – 9:30 a.m. to be exact. This Webcast thus took place only a few hours after the military junta in Venezuela had overthrown Chávez, had dissolved Venezuela’s National Assembly, its Supreme Court, the Attorney General, the head of the Central Bank, and the National Electoral Board to the accompaniment of raucous cheers, raised fists, and standing ovations among the coup plotters and their supporters.
Stone’s voice-over introduced the IMF Webcast on that day as follows: “The IMF, usually slow in responding to the genuine requests for aid from starving Africa, was quick off the mark to demonstrate its support for the coup.” On the screen is an IMF official, Thomas Dawson, addressing the new military junta in Venezuela: “I hope that these discussions will continue with the new administration, and we stand ready to assist the new administration in whatever manner they find suitable.” Stone: “The aim was straightforward. The IMF was making it clear to the world that the toppling of Chávez was in the interest of global capitalism.”
Likewise, less than two weeks after the elected president of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych, was overthrown on February 22, 2014, the IMF engaged the post-coup government in negotiations over an IMF debt agreement that, in essence, had been rejected by Yanukovych in December, just three months earlier. By March 27, the IMF announced a deal on an $15-18 billion loan to the post-coup Ukrainian government. In reporting the agreement, the New York Times noted that the deal was “subject to the approval of the [IMF’s] board next month,” but not to the approval of the Ukrainian people, which had no voice after the coup through duly elected representatives to approve or reject the deal.
In both Venezuela and Ukraine in these instances, there isn’t a scintilla of democracy at work, yet State Department documents are larded with references to supporting and advancing democracies in their descriptions of U.S. policy toward those two countries in those years.
With respect to Ukraine, from FY 2011 to FY 2014, a period of four years, the State Department had requested from Congress at least $426 million for its operations in Ukraine, with no coherent explanation on how exactly that money would be spent. (See, “Congressional Budget Justification: Volume 2: Foreign Operations: Department of State: United States of America,”Fiscal Year 2013 and Fiscal Year 2014.)
For example, in the last two years (FY 2013-FY2014), the State Department requested $108 million for its operations in Ukraine through its “Economic Support Fund.” What is the Economic Support Fund and how does it operate in Ukraine? Here’s what the State Department says:
U.S. assistance aims to promote the development of a democratic, prosperous, and secure Ukraine, fully integrated into the Euro-Atlantic community as it struggles to overcome the effects of the global financial crisis and worsening backsliding on democratic reform. Funding will strengthen democratic institutions and processes, and accountable governance; support civil society, independent media, judicial reform, and anti-corruption efforts; improve conditions for investment and economic growth; help bring the damaged Chernobyl nuclear facility to an environmentally safe and stable condition; and improve energy security.Except for the references to the Euro-Atlantic community and Chernobyl, this sounds pretty much like what the State Department published about its operations in Venezuela when it supported the coup that overthrew Chávez in April 2002. In fact, in the midst of this two-year, $108 million “democracy promotion” effort in Ukraine — which due to the fiscal year calendar of the federal government was in effect from October 1, 2012, to September 30, 2014 — a U.S.-supported coup occurred there in February 2014.
Furthermore, for FY 2013, the State Department requested $36.2 million through its Economic Support Fund for operations in Russia. The State Department explained the purpose of its ESF program in Russia as follows: “Assistance will support efforts by Russians to further democratic reforms through programs that provide support for civil society, independent media, the rule of law, human rights, and good governance; and will support Russia’s evolution towards becoming a global development partner.” This also sounds similar to the descriptions of State Department programs in Venezuela and Ukraine during the periods of U.S. destabilization in those countries discussed here.
Also, for FY 2014, the State Department requested no money for Russia through its Economic Support Fund. On the other hand, the State Department requested $68 million for “Europe and Eurasia Regional,” a line-item that did not appear in the State Department’s FY 2013 funding request, and which included “promoting civil society development and networks” among its funded activities. Were the funds allocated for the State Department’s Economic Support Fund for Russia for FY 2013 transferred to “Europe and Eurasia Regional,” a region which includes Russia, for FY 2014? There’s no easy way to know from the State Department’s documents.
The purpose of this exercise is not to take sides with Russia over the United States and Europe. The idea is to demonstrate that the State Department, which was established to function as the foreign-policy making center of the executive branch, has likely evolved into another covert operations hub of the U.S. government, with no discernible legal basis for having done so, and with no oversight from the Congress, the press, or the American public.
At a minimum, there is almost no way to know what the State Department does or doesn’t do in this regard, given that its principle public disclosure documents are, at best, uninformative from beginning to end. An organization that rates foreign-aid transparency, called Publish What You Fund, in its Aid Transparency Index, rated the U.S. State Department a 22 out of a top score of 100, “placing it near the bottom of the poor category.” It advises that “the State Department should begin publication in line with the International Aid Transparency Initiative standard as soon as possible.”
If there were someone in the Congress who would actually do it, one might call for a congressional investigation of the State Department’s “democracy assistance” and “civil society” programs that currently operate overseas under the banners of USAID, the National Endowment for Democracy, the Office of Transition Initiatives, and the Economic Support Fund along the lines of the Church Committee and Pike Committee investigations of C.I.A. operations in the 1970s, hopefully before the State Department ends up going even further than it already has in starting a major war in Europe.
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